Goat-like

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Goat-like
Taiwan Serau (Capricornis swinhoei)

Taiwan Serau ( Capricornis swinhoei )

Systematics
Order : Artiodactyla (Artiodactyla)
Subordination : Ruminants (ruminantia)
without rank: Forehead weapon bearer (Pecora)
Family : Horned Bearers (Bovidae)
Subfamily : Antilopinae
Tribe : Goat-like
Scientific name
Caprini
Gray , 1821

The goat-like (Caprini) are a tribe of the horned bearers (Bovidae). This group includes the sheep and goats (including the ibex ) and their close relatives such as chamois and musk ox . The group includes around 63 living species .

General

Compared to other horn-bearers, goats are medium-sized, compactly built animals with stocky limbs. They are adapted to mountainous and sometimes polar habitats. With the exception of the Tschiru , both sexes have horns, but in some species such as sheep and goats, the males are significantly larger than those of the females. Other species, however, show hardly any sexual dimorphism .

In contrast to most of the other subfamilies of the hornbearing goats, the main distribution area is not in Africa but in Eurasia, where they predominantly inhabit mountainous habitats. In Africa they are only represented with a few species; some representatives also occur in North America.

Systematics

The system of goat-like species is not undisputed, especially within the sheep and goat genera there are differences in the number of species. The following system largely follows Groves & Grubb 2011:

Internal systematics of the Caprini according to Zurano et al. 2019
  Caprini  
  Pantholopina  

 Pantholops


   
  Ovibovina  

 Ovibos


   

 Naemorhedus


   

 Capricorns




  Caprina  



 Budorcas


   

 Oreamnos



   

 Rupicapra


   

 Arabitragus


   

 Ammotragus





   


 Nile Giritragus


   

 Ovis



   

 Pseudois


   

 Capra


   

 Hemitragus








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Chamois ( Rupicapra rupicapra )
Musk ox ( Ovibos moschatus )
Bighorn sheep ( Ovis canadensis )
Barbary sheep ( Ammotragus lervia )

The affiliation of the Tschiru was long disputed. It was sometimes placed with the gazelle- like or separated into its own subfamily, Panthalopinae. Molecular studies confirmed that it belongs to the goat-like species. Equally controversial were two species that were previously classified as goat-like: the saiga , which is now classified as a gazelle-like, and the Vietnamese forest cattle , which is now part of the Bovinae . The Tahre were early considered members of a single genus ( Hemitragus ), but they show genetically different relationships.

literature

  • Colin Groves and Peter Grubb: Ungulate Taxonomy. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2011, pp. 1–317 (SS 108–280)
  • Colin P. Groves and David M. Leslie Jr .: Family Bovidae (Hollow-horned Ruminants). In: Don E. Wilson and Russell A. Mittermeier (eds.): Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Volume 2: Hooved Mammals. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2011, ISBN 978-84-96553-77-4 , pp. 444-779
  • DE Wilson, DM Reeder: Mammal Species of the World . Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore 2005. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Juan P. Zurano, Felipe M. Magalhães, Ana E. Asato, Gabriel Silva, Claudio J. Bidau, Daniel O. Mesquita and Gabriel C. Costa: Cetartiodactyla: Updating a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 133, 2019, pp. 256-262.
  2. ↑ Fayasal Bibi: A multi-calibrated mitochondrial phylogeny of extant Bovidae (Artiodactyla, Ruminantia) and the importance of the fossil record to systematics. BMC Evolutionary Biology 13, 2013, p. 166.
  3. ^ Anne Ropiquet and Alexandre Hassanin: Molecular evidence for the polyphyly of the genus Hemitragus (Mammalia, Bovidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36, 2005, pp. 154-168.

Web links

Commons : Goat-like (Caprinae)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files