Carl August von Eschenmayer

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Carl August Eschenmayer , from 1812 von Eschenmayer , (also: Adolph (Adam) Karl August (von) Eschenmayer , * July 4, 1768 in Neuenbürg / Duchy of Württemberg ; † November 17, 1852 in Kirchheim / Teck ) was a German physician, natural philosophy Medic and philosopher.

Life

Eschenmayer enrolled at the University of Tübingen in October 1783 to study philosophy. After the death of his father, under pressure from his relatives, he switched to commercial training in Stuttgart, where he had the opportunity to listen to lectures at the Karlsschule . Under the influence of Schiller, who studied at the Karlsschule, Eschenmayer began two years later, now of legal age, to study medicine at the Karlsschule, which he continued after the dissolution of the Karlsschule in 1794 at the University of Tübingen and there in March 1796 with his doctorate and, graduated from the state examination in November of the same year. After studying in Göttingen, he settled as a general practitioner in Kirchheim in 1797, from where he was soon promoted to Sulz as senior medical officer. In 1798 he married Johanna Christiana Friderica Bilfinger, a marriage that remained childless. In 1800 Eschenmayer returned to Kirchheim, where he became city ​​physician and personal physician to Duchess Franziska .

In 1811 he was appointed associate professor for medicine and philosophy at the University of Tübingen and in 1818 appointed full professor for practical philosophy. In 1812 von Eschenmayer received the Knight's Cross of the Württemberg Civil Order of Merit, which was associated with the personal title of nobility. In 1820 he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of the Württemberg Crown .

Eschenmayer dealt with animal magnetism and after his retirement in 1836 also used the "magnetic cure" in his practice. Together with his friend Justinus Kerner , he examines the Prevorst seer . Like Kerner ("Hawfinch"), Eschenmayer ("Professor Eschenmichel") is mocked by Karl Immermann in Münchhausen . He can be found as “Professor E.” in Wilhelmine Canz 's novel Eritis sicut Deus .

Services

Eschenmayer is a student of Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling . He dealt primarily with Schelling's identity philosophy , but also with the teachings of Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi . At that time Jacobi tried “ to overcome the discursive thinking and the atheism of the Enlightenment by means of intuitive 'immediate knowledge' and supernatural religious experience ”. Eschenmayer agreed:

" Knowledge only goes out in the absolute, however, where it becomes identical with what has been known ... What lies beyond this point can therefore no longer be knowledge, but rather a punishment or devotion ."

Eschenmeyer induced Schelling to rethink it by accepting the duality of philosophy. Despite all the polemics against Eschenmayer, Schelling was ahead of Hegel's criticism of his philosophy of identity . Eschenmayer, who held his elevated position u. a. Thanks to the prestige that Schelling gave to medicine, at least in the eyes of the literary public, Romanticism was one of the last to support Schelling's teachings alongside Heinrich Steffens and Gotthilf Heinrich von Schubert , after natural science and not natural philosophy-oriented medicine began to predominate. In this context, it is also known that Wilhelm Griesinger (1818–1868) refused to listen to Eschenmayer's psychiatric lectures in Tübingen.

Works

  • Attempt to develop the laws of magnetic phenomena from the principles of natural metaphysics, therefore a priori. Tuebingen 1798
  • Philosophy in its transition to non-philosophy (1803)
  • Attempt to explain the apparent magic of animal magnetism from physiological and psychological laws (1816)
  • System of moral philosophy (1818)
  • Psychology in three parts, as empirical, pure, applied (1817, 2nd ed. 1822)
  • Philosophy of Religion (3 volumes, 1818–1824)
  • The Hegelian philosophy of religion compared with the Christian. Princip (1834)
  • The iscariotism of our day (1835)
  • Conflict between heaven and hell, observed in the demon of a possessed girl (1837)
  • Outline of Natural Philosophy (1832)
  • Basic features of the christ. Philosophy (1840)
  • Considerations on the physical structure of the world (1852)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Royal Württemberg Court and State Manual 1815, page 39
  2. ↑ Royal Württemberg Court and State Manual 1831, page 30
  3. ↑ Wuttke, W. (1972). Materials on the life and work of Adolph Karl August von Eschenmayer. Sudhoffs Archiv, 56, 255-296.
  4. ↑ Maier, S. (2009). The influence of Fichte's philosophy in medicine with Adolph Karl August Eschenmayer (dissertation). Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen: Medical Faculty. Retrieved from http://tobias-lib.uni-tuebingen.de/volltexte/2010/4531/pdf/Druckversion.pdf
  5. ^ A b Dörner, Klaus : Citizens and Irre . On the social history and sociology of science in psychiatry. [1969] Fischer Taschenbuch, Bücher des Wissens, Frankfurt / M 1975, ISBN 3-436-02101-6 ; (a) to “Quotation from Dörner on Jacobi”: page 261; (b) on Stw. “Relationship to Schelling or the conflict between psychics and somatics”: pages 260 f., 267, 315.
  6. ↑ Eschenmayer, CA of: The philosophy in its transition to non-philosophy . Erlangen 1803; Page 25
  7. ↑ Habermas, Jürgen : Theory and Practice . Neuwied 1963; Page 25

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Eschenmayer, Carl August von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Eschenmayer, Adam Karl August von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor, philosopher and occultist
DATE OF BIRTH 4th July 1768
PLACE OF BIRTH Neuenbürg
DATE OF DEATH November 17, 1852
Place of death Kirchheim / Teck