Carl Benedicks
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Carl Axel Fredrik Benedicks (born May 27, 1875 in Stockholm ; † July 16, 1958 there ) was a Swedish physicist and chemist .
Life
He was the son of the ironworks owner Edvard Otto Benedicks and his wife Sophie Elisabeth nee Tholander. Benedicks studied from 1893 in Uppsala with a licentiate in 1902 and a doctorate in 1904. He was on a study trip to the USA and in 1905 (as well as 1909 and 1913) in Germany and further in England and France. In Germany he was a student of Wilhelm Ostwald . From 1900 he was a laboratory assistant ( Amanuensis ) at the physical institute in Uppsala, where he became associate professor for physical chemistry in 1904 and professor in 1908. In 1910 he became professor of physics at Stockholm Technical University. In 1920 he became director of the Metallographic Institute there.
He dealt with a wide variety of topics in physics, chemistry, mathematics, astronomy, geology and mineralogy. In the latter areas he investigated the Uppsala granite and found the mineral thalenite .
His main interest was physical and chemical analysis of metals and alloys. He was a pioneer of the ultramicroscopic analysis of steel alloys (including troostite , where he saw analogy to tendons in the body and colloids) and found a formula for the electrical conductivity of steel types as a function of the chemical admixtures that could also be transferred to other metals. In 1910 he succeeded in making meteor iron.
Benedicks was a member of the Nobel Prize Committee, in which he spoke out for the Nobel Prize for Jean-Baptiste Perrin , which was awarded to him in 1926. He was a critic of the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum physics, which he saw as a pessimistic surrender to the observation of individual atoms.
He was interested in fundamental questions in physics and, in the early days of quantum physics, advocated a derivation without assuming the quantum hypothesis when discussing the derivation of Planck's law of radiation . Instead, he assumed an agglomeration of atoms at low temperatures in the solid.
From 1916 he dealt with thermoelectricity . He advocated potential differences in homogeneous metals, if there are temperature differences in them. He was considered a good experimenter, also with lecture experiments.
In 1899 he married Cecilia von Geijerstam.
Web links
- Svenskt biografiskt lexikon , Reichsarchiv (Swedish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Mötes October 2, 1958 . In: Geologiska Föreningen i Stockholm Förhandlingar . tape 80 , no. 3 , January 6, 2010, p. 358 , doi : 10.1080 / 11035895809454907 .
- ↑ John Heilbron , The earliest missionaries of the Copenhagen spirit, in: Peter Galison, Michael Gordin, David Kaiser (Eds.), Quantum mechanics: science and society, Routledge 2001, p. 321
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Benedicks, Carl |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Benedicks, Carl Axel Fredrik |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Swedish physicist and chemist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 27, 1875 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Stockholm |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 16, 1958 |
| Place of death | Stockholm |