Carlos Ribeiro

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Carlos Ribeiro

Carlos Ribeiro (born December 1813 in Lisbon , † November 13, 1882 ibid) was a Portuguese geologist, military, teacher, civil servant and politician. He is considered one of the "fathers" of Portuguese geology and was a member of several national and international scientific societies.

Life

Carlos Ribeiro was born the son of José Joaquim Ribeiro and Francisca dos Santos Ribeiro in the Lisbon district of Lapa and was baptized on December 21, 1813 . In his youth he took private lessons with Filipe Folque (1800-1874), a student at the Royal Academy, later a mathematician and general in the Portuguese army. Ribeiro first completed a degree in the military sector, interrupted in 1833/34 by the Miguelistenkrieg . After completing his studies, he rose to the rank of officer on July 28, 1837. Stationed as a first lieutenant in Porto from 1840 , Ribeiro studied geology at the Academia Politécnica do Porto there . After graduating in 1844, practical geological studies were carried out in the outskirts of Porto. In 1846 he married Úrsula Damásio, the sister of his teacher at the Academy José Vitorino Damásio. Carlos and Ùrsula Ribeiro had three children together: José Vitorino, Zélia and Sofia. After the uprising of Maria da Fonte in 1846, in which he was on the side of the defeated insurgents, Ribeiro was dismissed from military service and sentenced to prison.

From 1849 Carlos Ribeiro worked for the company Companhia Farrobo e Damásio , for which he traveled the country at his own expense and collected petrographic and paleontological objects that later became part of the collection of the Comissão Geológica de Portugal . They then came to the Museu do Instituto Geológico e Mineiro and the Museu Geológico e Mineralógico da Escola Politécnica de Lisboa . In 1850 he was responsible for the scientific review of publications by the English geologist Daniel Sharpe (1806-1856) on the geology of Portugal, which brought Ribeiro first international recognition in this area of ​​research. From 1852 he headed the fourth department of the Repartição Técnica da Direcção Geral de Obras Públicas , responsible for mines, quarries and geological work. Together with Francisco António Pereira da Costa (1809-1888), professor at the Escola Politécnica de Lisboa , he drafted the first mining law, which came into force on December 31, 1852.

Between 1852 and 1857 Ribeiro worked on the basis of an English military map by James Wyld (1812-1887) a geological map of the region between the rivers Douro and Tejo and based on a map by Charles Bonnet (1816-1867) a geological map of the Alentejo . He also sketched a geological map of the Iberian Peninsula based on maps by Édouard de Verneuil (1805–1873) and Charles Augustin de Coulomb (1736–1806), published in 1864. From 1857 Ribeiro was together with Pereira da Costa director of the Comissão Geológica de Portugal , whose task was to create a geological map of mainland Portugal. The Comissão Geológica was dissolved in February 1868 due to disagreement regarding its orientation, but about a year later it was re-established as a department of the Direcção Geral dos Trabalhos Geodésicos . Here Carlos Ribeiro held the position of director of the 5th department of the Direcção dos trabalhos Geodésicos, Topográficos Hidrográficos e Geológicos do Reino until the end of his life.

After a trip to Europe in 1858, Ribeira became head of the Repartição de Minas, Geologia e Máquinas-a-Vapor (Department of Mining, Geology and Steam Engines), part of the Direcção Geral de Obras Públicas e Minas (General Directorate for Public Works and Mining) in 1859 . In 1863 he undertook research in the field of prehistory and early history. Ribeiro discovered the Concheiros de Muge ( Køkkenmøddinger von Muge ) near Salvaterra de Magos while exploring the tertiary strata of the Tejo valley . Human skeletons, fossilized bones of animals and worked objects made of stone and bones have been found here. According to a report by Ribeiro at the conference of the International Congress for Prehistoric Anthropology and Archeology in Brussels in 1872, the flint objects from the Tagus Valley in particular led to a scientific controversy, as they came from Pliocene sandstone and Miocene Strata and showed possible hominine processing traces. In 1880 the 9th Congress took place in Lisbon and in 1884 Ribeiro's report L'homme tertiaire en Portugal (“The tertiary man in Portugal”) appeared.

From July 1864 Carlos Ribeiro worked in a commission of the Ministry of Public Works, Trade and Industry (MOPCI). In 1868 he published a study on the general afforestation of the country. His geological map of mainland Portugal won the silver medal at the Paris World's Fair in 1878 . In the legislative periods from 1870 to 1874 and 1880/81 Ribeiro was a member of the Portuguese Parliament. Among other things, he brought together with John Gilberto and Antonio Pinto Carneiro Rolla in the meeting on March 23, 1872 a report on the property tax. Carlos Ribeiro died in November 1882 of liver and heart disease.

Works

  • Carta Geológica de Portugal . 1: 500,000. 1876. Co-author: Nery Delgado
  • Des formations tertiaires du Portugal . Extrait du Compte-rendu sténographique du congrès international de geologie tenu à Paris. Imprimerie Nationale, Paris 1878.
  • L'homme tertiaire en Portugal . Extrait du Compte-rendu du congrès international d'anthropologie et d'archéologie préhistoriques en 1880. Typografia da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, Lisbon 1880.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Carlos Ribeiro. University of Porto Famous Alumni. sigarra.up.pt (University of Porto), accessed August 13, 2012 (English).
  2. ^ Vanda Leitão: Carlos Ribeiro (1813-1882). campus.fct.unl.pt (New University of Lisbon), September 12, 2005, archived from the original on February 5, 2011 ; Retrieved August 13, 2012 (Portuguese).

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Ribeiro, Carlos
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Portuguese geologist and politician
DATE OF BIRTH December 1813
PLACE OF BIRTH Lisbon
DATE OF DEATH November 13, 1882
Place of death Lisbon