Castello di Châtelard
| Castello di Châtelard | ||
|---|---|---|
 Castello di Châtelard |
||
| Alternative name (s): | Tour de Châtelard | |
| Creation time : | First half of the 13th century | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | ruin | |
| Construction: | Quarry stone | |
| Place: | La Salle | |
| Geographical location | 45 ° 45 '22.5 " N , 7 ° 3' 38.8" E | |
| Height: | 1137 m slm | |
|
||
The Castello di Châtelard (locally simply called Châtelard or Tour de Châtelard ) is the ruin of a hilltop castle on a ledge in the district of Château in the municipality of La Salle in the Aosta Valley . The castle once dominated the village and the Valdigne . It was probably used to control the road that winds up to the Little St. Bernhard and to block it for any invaders. Today the castle is in ruins, in private hands and not open to the public.
history
The Castello di Châtelard was built by Rodolfo Grossi , the then Bishop of Aosta and advisor to Count Peter II of Savoy , in the first half of the 13th century, probably between 1230 and 1245. It belonged to the Grossi family from Châtelard for a long time .
The castle was first mentioned in a feudal homage in 1248, where it was defined as a “tower with adjacent buildings” (“recognivit […] turrim de Chastelar in Valle Digna et continentia hedificia cum fundamento et vineam hedificiis coherentem a parte inferiori…”; dt .: "Denotes ... tower in Châtelard in Valdigne and consists of a building with a foundation and adjoining buildings in the lower part [...]"). In 1269 the castle chapel was built in the north of the complex, but it was converted into a room in 1824.
As a result of a dispute between the Count Amadeus V of Savoy and the Bishop Roberto di Ginevra and his cousin, Count Amadeus II. From Geneva , the area of Châtelard was founded in September 1285 by the Dauphinéern looted. In 1301, Amadeus V granted the castle freedoms that promoted trade until, a few years later, the Count Eduard of Savoy at war with Amadeus V of Savoy and Amadeus III. was taken by Geneva , the son of the previous count.
It belonged to several gentlemen in common and there were numerous changes of ownership that were not based on inheritance: a document shows that on October 17, 1323, Pierre du Châtelard gave his share to the Counts of Savoy , while another document reports that in 1371 Jean du Châtelard his Twelfth stake in Emericio II sold by Quart . In 1558 the nobles Bernadin and Michel du Châtelard gave their share to Stephane and Jean d'Avise . In 1608 and 1609 Gaspar and Melchior du Châtelard and their mother Françoise Gilly , widow Châtelard , gave their rights to Léonard d'Avise .
The noble Châtelard family died out in 1691 when the last heir was killed by the French in an invasion.
In 1793 the French revolutionary troops invaded Savoy again and destroyed a good part of the castle in the Aosta Valley. In 1798 the Léaval family bought the remains and remained owners until 1931. After the death of Jean-Baptiste Léaval , the Torre di Châtelard came into the hands of Elisa Donnet . Today the castle ruins are in private hands and belong to the Beneyton family .
description
The Castello di Châtelard consists of a high, round donjon , to which a block of flats with a square floor plan, surrounded by an irregularly shaped wall that is adapted to the shape of the terrain, is attached. This type of fortress with a circular, very narrow floor plan, unusual in its time but popular with Peter II of Savoy , whose advisor was Rodolfo Grossi , was only used for a short time around the middle of the 13th century. It was later replaced by the more popular Roman-style square-plan construction, which had the advantage of fewer constructional difficulties.
The Torre di Châtelard is about 18 meters high, has a diameter of a little more than 5 meters and is still almost intact, whereas the rest of the castle and the double enclosing wall have fallen into ruins. The entrance to the tower is about 10 meters above the ground, which made it difficult to capture in an attack.
When the castle was built, a system of inclined planes was used, over which the stones required for construction were dragged with ropes and with the help of draft animals.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Insegnanti e alunni delle scuole materne e primarie di La Salle (editor): La tour du Châtelard in 51 ° Concours Cerlogne . La Salle, May 2013. p. 20.
- ↑ André Zanotto: Castelli valdostani . Musumeci, Quart (1980) 2002. ISBN 88-7032-049-9 . Pp. 109-110.
- ↑ Luigi Cibrario: Origine e delle progressi istituzioni della monarchia di Savoia sino alla costituzione del Regno d'Italia . Cellini, 1869. p. 67.
- ↑ Luigi Cibrario: Origine e delle progressi istituzioni della monarchia di Savoia sino alla costituzione del Regno d'Italia . Cellini, 1869. p. 77.
- ↑ Luigi Cibrario: Origine e delle progressi istituzioni della monarchia di Savoia sino alla costituzione del Regno d'Italia . Cellini, 1869. p. 80.
- ↑ Gregorio Leti: Historia Genevrina o sia historia della citta e republica di Geneva . van Someren. P. 112, 1686. Retrieved July 29, 2020.
- ^ Franco Cardini: L'Italia medievale . Touring, 2004. ISBN 8836530583 . Book series: Guide cultura. Chapter: La Salle . Illustrations by Franco Cardini.
swell
- Tersilia Gatto Chanu, Augusta Vittoria Cerutti: Guida insolita ai misteri, ai segreti, all legends e alle curiosità della Valle d'Aosta . Newton & Compton Editori, 2001. ISBN 88-8289-564-5 .
- André Zanotto: Castelli valdostani . Musumeci, Quart (1980) 2002. ISBN 88-7032-049-9 .
- Mauro Minola, Beppe Ronco: Valle d'Aosta. Castelli e fortificazioni . Macchione, Varese 2002. ISBN 88-8340-116-6 . P. 57.
- Jean Domaine: La Salle: Souvenirs et recherches .
- La Salle . Publication International for the third and Valle d'Aosta Festival of dialect 1990th
- Carlo Nigra: Torri e castelli e case forti del Piemonte dal 1000 al secolo XVI. La Valle d'Aosta . Musumeci, Quart 1974. p. 46.
- Francesco Corni: Valle d'Aosta medievale . Tipografia Testolin, Sarre 2005.
