Catumaxomab
| Catumaxomab | ||
|---|---|---|
| Mass / length primary structure | 150.8 kDa | |
| Identifier | ||
| External IDs |
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| Drug information | ||
| ATC code | L01 XC09 | |
| Drug class | Monoclonal antibody | |
Catumaxomab is a drug from the group of monoclonal antibodies that is used to treat malignant ascites in cancer . Catumaxomab is a trifunctional antibody. a. through its binding to the surface antigen EpCAM ( epithelial cell adhesion molecule ). As an active component of a drug , catumaxomab has been approved on the European market under the trade name Removab ( Fresenius Biotech ) since 2009 .
Clinical information
Approved areas of application
Catumaxomab is for the treatment of malignant ascites (malignant ascites) in patients with EpCAM-positive carcinomas admitted, is, or for which no standard therapy is available where it is no longer applicable.
At the manufacturer's request, the EU Commission revoked the approval of the antibody catumaxomab (Removab). The trifunctional antibody was approved on April 23, 2009 for the treatment of malignant ascites in patients with EpCAM-positive carcinomas. Source: EU Commission
Type and duration of application
Catumaxomab is given directly into the abdominal cavity ( intraperitoneally ). The treatment consists of a cycle of four single doses of increasing concentration that are administered over approximately 11 days.
unwanted effects
Most of the side effects are due to the release of cytokines due to the immunological effects of the drug. The side effects described so far were mostly mild to moderate and regressed completely.
Pharmacological information
Mechanism of action
The cells of many epithelial tumors carry the EpCAM antigen on their surface. Catumaxomab binds to such tumor cells via the EpCAM antigen. The molecule also binds to two other cell types: specifically to T cells via the CD3 antigen and unspecifically via the Fc part to accessory cells e.g. B. macrophages or natural killer cells . This activates various immunological mechanisms of action that lead to a complex reaction of the immune system against the tumor cell.
In this way, catumaxomab removes EpCAM-positive tumor cells from the abdominal cavity and thus reduces the intraperitoneal tumor burden, which is considered to be the cause of the development of malignant ascites. As a result, catumaxomab suppresses the formation of new ascites in the long term.
History
The antibody catumaxomab was developed by the German company Trion Pharma . For that took Trion inlicensed preparatory work of the Munich Helmholtz Center . The clinical examination was carried out by Fresenius, which also submitted catumaxomab for regulatory approval in 2007 . On April 20, 2009, the antibody received approval for the European Union .
literature
- P. Ruf, O. Gires et al. a .: Characterization of the new EpCAM-specific antibody HO-3: implications for trifunctional antibody immunotherapy of cancer. In: British Journal of Cancer. 97, 2007, pp. 315-321, doi: 10.1038 / sj.bjc.6603881 , PMID 17622246 .
- Florian Lordick et al: The evolving role of catumaxomab in gastric cancer. In: Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy. 8 (9), 2008, pp. 1407-1415. PMID 18694358
- MM Heiss et al: The trifunctional antibody catumaxomab for the treatment of malignant ascites due to epithelial cancer: results of a prospective randomized phase II / III trial. In: Int J Cancer . 127, 2010, pp. 2209-2221.
See also
- Monoclonal Antibody Nomenclature : Convention for naming monoclonal antibodies
