Sticky hornwort

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Sticky hornwort
Cerastium dubium.jpg

Sticky Hornwort ( Cerastium dubium )

Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Clove-like (Caryophyllales)
Family : Carnation family (Caryophyllaceae)
Subfamily : Alsinoideae
Genre : Horn herbs ( Cerastium )
Type : Sticky hornwort
Scientific name
Cerastium dubium
( Bast. ) Guépin

The sticky hornwort ( Cerastium dubium ) is a species of the horn herbs ( Cerastium ) within the carnation family (Caryophyllaceae).

description

The sticky hornwort is a winter annual herbaceous plant that reaches heights of growth of 6 to 30, rarely 40 centimeters. It is not lawn-forming, the stems grow upright or ascending. The whole plant is glandular and pubescent.

The leaves are 10 to 30 millimeters long and 1 to 2 millimeters wide and blunt. The lower ones are spatulate and narrowed into the petiole. The upper ones are seated, broadly linear, and ciliate completely or at least at the edge.

The flowers stand alone up to three terminal, or several in initially dense, later loose dichasias . The flower stalks are up to 8 (rarely 15) centimeters long. The bracts are herbaceous, have no skin edge and, like the calyx, are glandular and downy. The diameter of the flowers is about 9 millimeters. The sepals are 4 to 6 millimeters long, oblong to ovoid to lanceolate, have a narrow skin edge and are blunt. The petals are 1 1/3 to 1 2/3 as long as the sepals and have two columns. There are three styluses . The flowering period extends from April to June.

The fruit stalks are upright. The capsule fruits are 8 to 12 millimeters long, up to twice as long as the calyx. the shape is elongated ovoid to cylindrical. The seeds are 0.5 to 0.6 millimeters wide, granular and pale brown.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 38.

Occurrence

The area of the sticky hornwort includes the submeridional to temperate areas of subcontinental Eurasia . In Central Europe the species is indigenous . In Germany it occurs in Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Brandenburg (including Berlin), Hesse, Lower Saxony (including Bremen), Rhineland-Palatinate, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt. It is considered endangered nationwide, but is not protected. In Austria the species is endangered and only occurs in the Pannonian area (Burgenland, Lower Austria, inconsistent in Styria, extinct in Vienna). She is not at home in Switzerland.

The locations are banks, paths and sandy, moist meadows. It grows preferentially on wet, or at times flooded, nutrient-rich sandy or pure silt and clay soils. It often grows on salty soils. Their occurrence is limited to the colline altitude level . It is an association character of the Poo-Cerastietum dubii (Agropyro-Rumicion).

This species has also been known from North America since 1966, where it was first found in Washington, but has now spread rapidly as a "weed" on cultivated land.

Systematics

The first description was in 1812 under the name ( Basionym ) Stellaria dubia by Toussaint Bastard in Essai sur la Flore du Département de Maine et Loire , Suppl. 24. The new combination to Cerastium dubium (Bast.) Guépin was made in 1838 by Jean Pierre Guépin in Essai sur La Flore du Département de Maine et Loire , 2nd edition, 1, p. 267 published.

Further synonyms for Cerastium dubium (Bast.) Guépin are Stellaria anomala Rchb. , Cerastium anomalum Waldst. & Kit. nom. illeg., Cerastium anomalum Willd. and Dichodon viscidum (M.Bieb.) Holub .

photos

  • Habitus

  • Stem with glandular bracts

  • Stem with short, partly glandular hair

  • Inflorescence, the sepals are hairy glandular.

  • Flower open, ovary with three pistils

  • Three-style fruit

  • Opened fruit with six teeth

  • Seeds

literature

  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
  • Hans Ernst Hess, Elias Landolt, Rosemarie Hirzel: Key to the flora of Switzerland. 3. Edition. Birkhäuser, Basel 1991, ISBN 3-7643-2606-9 .
  • Rudolf Schubert , Klaus Werner, Hermann Meusel (eds.): Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 13th edition. tape 2 : vascular plants . People and knowledge, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-06-012539-2 .
  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
  • John K. Morton: Cerastium. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico . Volume 5: Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 2 . Oxford University Press, New York / Oxford a. a. 2005, ISBN 0-19-522211-3 , pp. 85 (English, online ).

Web links