Ceroxylon
| Ceroxylon | ||||||||||||
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Quindio wax palm ( Ceroxylon quindiuense ) in Colombia |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Ceroxylon | ||||||||||||
| Bonpl. ex DC. |
Ceroxylon is a palm genus nativeto the Andes .
features
The representatives are diocesan , solitary, feathery palms. They bloom several times. The trunks are often very tall and covered with a thick layer of wax. With a maximum height of up to 60 meters ( Ceroxylon quindiuense ), this genus includes the largest palms in the world and thus also the largest representatives of the monocots. The leaf scars are clear. The pinnate leaves are medium to large in size, the folding of the segments is reduplicate (Λ-shaped). The leaf sheaths tear open and do not form a crown shaft.
The inflorescences are individually in the leaf axils between the leaves and are three to four times branched. The cover sheet of the inflorescence does not completely surround the peduncle.
The petals are united at their base. The number of stamens is 6 to 15. The scar remains on the fruit are subbasal.
The chromosome number is 2n = 36.
Distribution and locations
The genus occurs in the high altitudes of the Andes from Venezuela via Colombia, Ecuador to Peru and Bolivia. They occur in the foothills and low to high montane forests, they often grow in foggy regions. When clearing the forests, the palm trees are often left standing. All species are considered endangered. Ceroxylon parvifrons can still be found at over 3500 m above sea level and is therefore the highest-rising palm species.
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Systematics
Ceroxylon Bonpl. ex DC. is classified within the family in the subfamily Ceroxyloideae , Tribe Ceroxyleae . The genus is monophyletic . Her sister group is Juania .
In the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew , the following types are recognized:
- Ceroxylon alpinum Bonpl. ex DC. : The homeland is Colombia and northern and northwestern Venezuela.
- Ceroxylon amazonicum Galeano : The home is southeast Ecuador.
- Ceroxylon ceriferum (H.Karst.) Pittier : It is native to northeastern Colombia and northern and northwestern Venezuela.
- Ceroxylon echinulatum Galeano : The home is Ecuador and Peru.
- Ceroxylon parvifrons (angel) H. Wendl . : The homeland is Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia, Peru and Ecuador.
- Ceroxylon parvum Galeano : The home is southwest Ecuador.
- Ceroxylon peruvianum Galeano, Sanín & K.Mejia : This species was first described in 2008 from northeastern Peru.
- Ceroxylon pityrophyllum (Mart.) Mart. ex H. Wendl. (Syn .: Ceroxylon weberbaueri Burret ): The home is Bolivia and southeastern Peru.
- Quindio wax palm ( Ceroxylon quindiuense (H.Karst.) H.Wendl. ): The home is Colombia and northern Peru.
- Ceroxylon sasaimae Galeano : The home is the provinces of Antioquia and Cundinamarca in Colombia.
- Ceroxylon ventricosum Burret : It is native to southwestern Colombia and Ecuador.
- Ceroxylon vogelianum (angel) H. Wendl. : It is common in Colombia, Venezuela, Peru and Ecuador.
use
The trunks provide wax for candles and matches. The fruits are used as fodder.
supporting documents
- John Dransfield, Natalie W. Uhl, Conny B. Asmussen, William J. Baker, Madeline M. Harley, Carl E. Lewis: Genera Palmarum. The Evolution and Classification of Palms . Second edition, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2008, ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2 , pp. 337-339.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Ceroxylon. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved August 4, 2018.
Web links
- Ceroxylon on the homepage of the Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden