Chadija Davletschina

Cyrillic ( Bashkir )
	Һәҙиә Лотфулла ҡыҙы Дәүләтшина
Transcr. :	Häziä Däulätschina
Cyrillic ( Russian )
	Хадия Лутфулловна Давлетшина
Transl .:
Transcr .:	Chadija Lutfullowna Davletschina

Khadija Lutfullowna Davletschina (born March 5, 1905 in Khazanovo, Samara Governorate , Russian Empire ; died December 5, 1954 in Birsk , Bashkir ASSR , Soviet Union ) was a Bashkir and Soviet writer . For her novel Irgis (Иргиз) she was posthumously awarded the first Salawat Julajew Prize in 1967.

Life

Davletschina was born in 1905 in the village of Khasanowo in the Samara Governorate of the Russian Empire. Her parents were poor farmers. Hadija attended the village Koran school and later a Soviet school. When her father died in 1919, she had to help support the family. During the civil war, Khadiya became one of the first members of the Bashkir Komsomol . The fifteen-year-old began working as a teacher in a neighboring village in 1920. In the same year she was able to study at the Tatar-Bashkir Pedagogical University in Samara . There she learned the Russian language and read the works of Maxim Gorky .

The writer Gubay Dawletschin became her husband and patron. Davletschina published her first story Pioneer Khylukai in 1926 . She had success with Aybika's story about the events of collectivization . In 1932, Davletschina received further training at the Moscow Institute for Editors . The following year she and her husband moved to Baimaksky Rajon .

Two years later, Davletschina became a member of the Writers' Union of the Bashkir ASSR and began studying at the Pedagogical Institute of the Bashkir State University in Ufa . She represented her association as a delegate at the first and third Congress of Writers of the USSR (1934, 1936). Davletschina was arrested in 1937 with her husband, who was most recently People's Commissar for Education in the Bashkir ASSR. After her release, she lived as an exile in Birsk from 1942 until her death on December 5, 1954 .

In Birsk, Dawletschina worked for more than ten years on her epic novel Irgis , which was only published in 1957. The novel describes a twenty year period (1902–1922) of life and struggle of the Bashkir people against the background of the revolutionary events between 1905 and 1917 with the First World War and the civil war in the Soviet Union. The Kazakh writer Sabit Mukanov describes Irgis as “a monumental novel about people's lives”. Her biographer J. Usikow describes Chadija Davletschina as the "Pearl of Bashkortostan" (Жемчужина Башкортостана).

Honors

After her death, Chadija Davletschina was honored for her novel in 1967 with the first award of the Salawat Yulayev Prize - three colleagues also received the prize. A boulevard in Ufa and a village street were named after Dawletschina. The city of Sibai honored her with a monument.

Works

• Пионерка Хылукай (Һылыуҡай-пионерка, pioneer Khylukai ) 1926.
• Айбика (Айбикә, Aybika ) 1931.
• Волны колосьев (Башаҡтар тулҡыны, waves of ears ) 1932;
• Сборник рассказов ( Collection of Stories ) 1935.
• Пламенные годы (Ялҡынлы йылдар, Fiery Years ) 1933–1937.
• Иргиз (Ырғыҙ, Irgis ) 1942–1952, posthumously 1957.

literature

• Мингажетдинов М .: «Хадия Давлетшина. Жизнь и творчество. » Ufa 1966.

Web links

• Узиков Ю .: «Давлетшина Хадия Лутфулловна. Жемчужина Башкортостана. » (Russian, with photo)
• Баимов Р .: «Хадия Давлетшина."

References and comments

1. ↑ Today in Rajon Bolshaya Tschernigowka the Samara Oblast
2. ↑ The Great Irgis (Russian Большой Иргиз, Bolshoi Irgis ) is a 675 kilometer long tributary of the Volga , which also runs through the Samara Oblast.