Chechen Khan Soloj

The Chechen Khan Soloj (died 1655 ) (also: Shului, ruled 1629–1655) was a Khan of the Khalka Mongols, who was confronted with the inexorable rise of the Manchu Empire .

Soloj sent envoys to Huang Taiji in 1634/35 to establish relations, and in 1636 he received the threat in response to end his horse trade with the Chinese, otherwise he could fare like Ligdan Khan . He ignored this, but from 1636 together with the Tüsiyetü Khan Gombodorz sent eight white horses and a white camel (the "Nine Whites") to the Manchu ruler Huang Taiji and thus paid a symbolic tribute.

In 1640 his two sons Erdene and Dalaj went as his representatives to the great meeting of princes on the Imil River (or in the Tarbagatai area), at which forty-four princes tried to establish a common policy. Present were u. a. the Tüsiyetü Khan Gombodorz and the Jasaktu-Khan Suvdaj from the Khalka, Erdeni Ba'atur Qungtayiji from the Jungars, Gushri Khan from the Choschuten and Khu Urluk from the Torguts (all three Oirat ) as well as representatives of the Dalai Lama .

In 1646 a Mongolian son-in-law of the Manchu emperor fled with his people to Soloj, which led to war. The troops of Soloy and Tüsiyetü Khan Gombodorz opposed the Manchus and suffered defeat. Despite the success, the Manchu considered a continuation of the war at this point in time (the supporters of the overthrown Ming dynasty in China, for example, still did not give up defeat) because they had difficulties with logistics. In 1648 the khans offered peace, but rejected the Manchu (sons as hostages) conditions. Instead Soloj exchanged envoys with the tsarist empire (1647/8).

His successor was Bavuu in 1655, who responded to the demands of the Manchu. In the following decades, however, there could be no question of a real connection between the Khalka and the Manchu Empire.

Remarks

1. ↑ In the 17th century the Khalka were divided into four large groups from the descendants of Dayan Khan's son Geresenje (d. 1549): those of the Tüsiyetü, Chechen, Jasaktu and Altan Khan . There was also a religious authority, the Jebcundamba Qutuqtu Dsanabadsar , whose word applied to all four groups. The Chechen khans had made themselves khanes after the Tüsiyetü khan Abdai received his khans title from the Dalai Lama in 1587. The descent of Soloj was as follows: Dayan Khan - Geresenje - Amin dural (* 1536) - Mooru Buyima - Soloj.

literature

• Udo B. Barkmann: History of Mongolia or the "Mongolian Question". The Mongols on their way to their own nation-state . Bouvier, Bonn 1999, ISBN 3-416-02853-8 .
• Michael Weiers (Ed.): The Mongols. Contributions to their history and culture . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1986, ISBN 3-534-03579-8 .