Chipaya (language)
| Chipaya | ||
|---|---|---|
|
Spoken in |
Bolivia | |
| speaker | about 1200 | |
| Linguistic classification |
|
|
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639 -1 |
? |
|
| ISO 639 -2 |
? |
|
| ISO 639-3 |
cap |
|
Chipaya is an indigenous South American language of the Uru-Chipaya - language family . The other documented varieties within this family are the Urus language of Irohito on the Desaguadero River , which became extinct in 2004, and the Urus language of Chimu near Puno, Peru, documented by Walter Lehman in the late 1920s.
Some linguists see links between the Chipaya language and the Arawak languages, or even the Mayan languages , but these theories are very controversial. The anthology published by the Summer Institute of Linguistics Ethnologue describes the dynamics of the Chipaya language as " vigorous ", with 1200 native speakers in an ethnic group of 1800 people. Chipaya shows a clear influence of the neighboring Aymara language, in more recent times there are also influences of the Spanish language , so that according to expert estimates today only 67% of the Chipaya vocabulary goes back to the original Chipaya language.
It is believed that the Uru-Chipaya languages were spoken in the area of Lake Titicaca and between it and Lake Poopó . In most places, the language was replaced by Aymara, beginning in pre-Hispanic times. At the beginning of the 20th century, islands of language still existed in Peru as well as in Bolivia near Lake Titicaca, Lake Poopó and in the Municipio Chipaya . With two exceptions, these linguistic islands are now considered to be extinct: At the beginning of the 21st century, there was still a spokeswoman for Uru living in Irohito in the Bolivian municipality of Ingavi . In the municipality of Chipaya, Chipaya is still the predominant language today, which is still passed on to children, although most residents also speak Spanish and many also speak Aymara.
Chipaya native speakers refer to their language as Puquina, Chipay Taqu (language of the Chipaya) or Uchun Taqu ("our language"). However, the Chipaya must not be confused with the historical Puquina language, to which it is not related.
Uru-Chipaya, as the language is commonly known, is an agglutinating language .
Between 2005 and 2007 the language was documented under the project management of the American scholar Sabine Dedenbach-Salazar , within the framework of the Documentation of Threatened Languages Initiative ( DoBeS ), financed by the Volkswagen Foundation . Another documentation project on the Chipaya language was also carried out as part of the DOBES initiative by Nathalie Böcker, Francisca Condori Mollo and Achim Schumacher. The results of this second documentation project were recorded in October 2015 together with the results of other documentation projects as digital collections on linguistic diversity by UNESCO in the register of the World Document Heritage .
Web links
- Sabine Dedenbach-Salazar Sáenz : The Andean Uru-Chipaya Language (State of Research and Bibliography) 2007 (English, PDF file; 829 kB)
- DOBES: Chipaya Language (engl.)
- Ethnologue, Languages of the World: Chipaya (engl.)
- DOBES Uru-Chipaya (Eng.)
Individual evidence
-
^ Sabine Dedenbach-Salazar Sáenz: The Andean Uru-Chipaya Language (State of Research and Bibliography) . 2007 (English, PDF; 849 kB);
Alain Fabre 2005: Diccionario etnolingüístico y guía bibliográfica de los pueblos indígenas sudamericanos. URU – CHIPAYA ( Memento of the original from December 26, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (span., PDF; 84 kB) - ^ UNESCO Memory of the World Register to recognize collections in The Language Archive. In: tla.mpi.nl. Retrieved May 19, 2016 .
