Chortiatis (municipality)

Chortiatis parish Δημοτική Ενότητα Χορτιάτη (Χορτιάτης)
Basic data
State :	Greece
Region :	Central Macedonia
Regional District :	Thessaloniki
Municipality :	Pylea Chortiatis
Geographic coordinates :	40 ° 36 ′  N , 23 ° 6 ′  E Coordinates: 40 ° 36 ′  N , 23 ° 6 ′  E
Height above d. M .:	400 - 460 - 600 m Filyro - Asvestochori - Chortiatis
Area :	109.934 km²
Residents :	18,041 (2011)
Population density :	164.1 inhabitants / km²
Code No .:	071203
Structure:	3 city districts 1 local community
Located in the municipality of Pylea-Chortiatis and in the regional district of Thessaloniki

Chortiatis ( Greek Χορτιάτης ( m. Sg. ); English transcription Hortiatis ) is a municipality in the municipality of Pylea-Chortiatis in the Greek region of Central Macedonia in eastern Thessaloniki . The name is borrowed from the mountain range of the same name with a maximum height of 1201 m.

Chortiatis was the scene of a war crime committed by the German Wehrmacht .

history

In ancient times, the area of ​​today's municipality of Chortiátis and the entire region of the Chortiátis massif were populated by the Kissiteans ( ancient Greek Κισσείται ): the Kissiteans were mentioned in the tribute lists of the Attic League .

The village of Chortiátis goes back to a late Byzantine period (approx. 1300) called Chortaïtes on the northern slopes of the Chortiátis. This supplied the city of Thessaloníki and the region east of it with water by means of an aqueduct , the remains of which have been partially preserved. In the early 15th century, a basilica from the late 12th century immediately in front of the monastery buildings formed the core of a settlement, the Chortiátis Kástron. In 1403 the Chortiátis Kástron fell  back to the Byzantine Empire after being occupied by the Ottoman Empire in the meantime , as did the neighboring city of Thessaloniki . In 1423 Thessaloniki was handed over to the Republic of Venice for defense against the Ottoman Empire: the fortress of Chortiátis, Chortiátis Kástron , was occupied by the Ottoman Empire.

At the beginning of its existence, Asvestochóri was known as Neochóri ; According to some authors, the beginning of the settlement history of Asvestochóri is dated to the 16th century (Ottoman period), according to other authors to the 14th century because of a chrysobul of the Byzantine emperor Andronikos IV mentioning Neochóri .

The village of Chortiátis was mentioned as Chortiaschköy in Karl Baedeker's travel guide from 1914 .

Towards the end of the occupation by the Axis powers in World War II , the village of Chortiátis became the scene of a war crime . In the Chortiatis massacre , 149 residents of the village were murdered by the Schubert Jagdkommando , a Wehrmacht unit made up of Greek collaborators under the command of Fritz Schubert, as part of a “reprisal”. Part of the killings were also carried out as burns while alive.

After the Second World War and during the Greek Civil War from 1946 to 1949, tuberculosis sufferers were concentrated in Asvestochóri . Under the leadership of the United Nations Refugee Relief Agency (UNRRA), a sanatorium for people with tuberculosis was built in Asvesstochóri at a cost of one million US dollars.

At the end of January 2001, 3 g of plutonium in the form of 245 metal plates were found on the territory of the municipality near the village of Asvestochóri .

Administrative division

On the occasion of the territorial reform in 1997 , the community of Chortiatis was formed from the previously independent rural communities ( κοινότητες kinótites ) Chortiatis, Asvestochori, Exochi and Filyro. The place Asvestochori was the administrative seat of the municipality. With the implementation of the administrative reform in 2010 , this was merged with two other municipalities to form the municipality of Pylea-Chortiatis and have since formed municipal districts. The district of Chortiatis is divided into three districts and one local community.

District local community	Greek name	code	Area (km²)	Residents 2011	Cities and settlements
Asvestochori	Δημοτική Κοινότητα Ασβεστοχωρίου	07120301	34,344	6393	Asvestochori, Kranos
Exochi	Τοπική Κοινότητα Εξοχής	07120302	02.575	1280	Exochi
Filyro	Δημοτική Κοινότητα Φιλύρου	07120303	15,700	5495	Filyro
Chortiatis	Δημοτική Κοινότητα Χορτιάτη	07120304	57.315	4873	Chortiatis
total		071203	109.934	18,041

Attractions

• Chortiátis: Byzantine Church Metamórfosi

See also

• Crimes committed by the Wehrmacht and the SS in Greece

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Results of the 2011 census at the National Statistical Service of Greece (ΕΛ.ΣΤΑΤ) ( Memento from June 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (Excel document, 2.6 MB)
2. ↑ Pernille Flensted-Jensen: The Bottiaians and their Poleis. In: Mogens Herman Hansen, Kurt A. Raaflaub (Ed.): Studies in the Ancient Greek Polis . Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-515-06759-0 , p. 124.
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Charalambos Bakirtzis: The Urban Continuity and Size of Late Byzantine Thessalonike. In: Alice Mary Talbot (Ed.): Symposium on Late Byzantine Thessaloniki. Dumbarton Oaks Papers, No. 57th Symposium on Late Byzantine Thessaloniki. Dumbarton Oaks Papers, No. 57. Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collections, Washington DC 2003. pp. 36–64, p. 38. doaks.org ( Memento of the original dated February 14, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked . Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) 
4. ↑ Klaus-Peter Matschke: The battle near Ankara and the fate of Byzantium. Studies on late Byzantine history between 1402 and 1422.Böhlau , Weimar 1981, p. 75.
5. ↑ Klaus-Peter Matschke: The battle near Ankara and the fate of Byzantium. Studies of late Byzantine history between 1402 and 1422.Böhlau , Weimar 1981, p. 84.
6. ↑ Georgia Ioannidou-Bitsiadou: New historical elements about the religious and social structure of Asvestohori during the 1830's. In: Balkan Studies. Volume 22, No. 1. 1981, pp. 115-125, p. 116.
7. ^ Karl Baedeker: Constantinople, Balkan States, Asia Minor Archipelago, Cyprus. Karl Baedeker, 1914, p. 106.
8. ↑ Stratos N. Dordanas: Reprisals of the German Authorities of Occupation in Macedonia 1941-1944. Dissertation. Faculty of History and Archeology of the Aristotle University of Thessaloníki, Thessaloníki 2002, pp. 703 ff.
9. ^ ^{A b} Edmund Keeley: Some Wine for Remembrance. White Pine Press, Buffalo NY 2001. ISBN 1-893996-15-8 .
10. ↑ CA Munkman: American Aid to Greece: A Report on the First Ten Years. Praeger, New York 1958, p. 178.
11. ↑ CA Munkman: American Aid to Greece: A Report on the First Ten Years . Praeger, New York 1958, pp. 180-181.
12. ↑ International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA): Illicit Trafficking Database - List of Confirmed Incidents Involving HEU or Pu. . Quoted from: Robin M. Frost: Nuclear Terrorism after 9/11. Adelphi Paper 378, Institute of International Strategic Studies (IISS). Routledge, New York 2005, ISBN 0-415-39992-0 , p. 14.
13. ↑ Κεντρική Ένωση Δήμων και Κοινοτήτων Ελλάδας (ΚΕΔΚΕ) Ελληνική Εταιρία Τοπικής Ανάπτυξης και Αυτοδιοίκησης (ΕΕΤΑΑ) (ed.): Λεξικό Διοικητικών Μεταβολών των Δήμων και Κοινοτήτων (1912-2001). Athens 2002, Volume 2 (Τόμος Β, λ – ω), ISBN 960-7509-47-1 , p. 569.
14. ↑ Kallikratis Program, Law 3852/2010, «Νέα Αρχιτεκτονική της Αυτοδιοίκησης και της Αποκεντρωμένης ΔιοκεντρωμΠνης Διοίκησης - Πρόγραμημα άρτάτης τρτάτης. ΦΕΚ 87 A / 7.6.2010, Άρθρο 1. Σύσταση δήμων. P. 1789. PDF Online (Greek)
15. ^ Robert Ousterhout: Master Builders of Byzantium. University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archeology and Anthropology, Philadelphia 2008, ISBN 978-1-934536-03-2 , p. 118.