Chun Doo-hwan

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Chun Doo-hwan

Korean spelling
Hangeul 전두환
Hanja 全 斗 煥
Revised
Romanization
Jeon Du-hwan
McCune-
Reischauer
Chon Tuhwan

Chun Doo-hwan (born January 18, 1931 in Hapcheon , former Japanese Empire , today's South Korea ) was South Korean President from September 1, 1980 to February 24, 1988. He ended the short term of office of his predecessor Choi Kyu-ha with a military coup and succeeded to power in December 1979.

Demonstrations against his regime in Gwangju in May 1980 (see Gwangju uprising ) had Chun brutally suppressed. The incident is known today as the Gwangju massacre . Due to pressure from the population, the constitution passed under him stipulated that the president's legislative period was limited to seven years and that re-election was not possible. Park Chung-hee had introduced the Yushin Constitution in 1972 , which did not limit the president's term of office and which had given him a one-man dictatorship. As before, however, as in the Yushin constitution, the president was elected by 2,500 allegedly non-partisan delegates.

On 9 October 1983 on Chun lived a bomb attack on a South Korean government delegation in Rangoon ( Burma ), in which 17 government members (including four ministers, including the foreign minister) were killed and 15 others were injured. North Korea has been suspected to be the perpetrator of the attack , but this has not yet been proven.

The end of his term of office was overshadowed by the June fight in 1987 . Chun had delayed another constitutional amendment in preparation for the 1988 Olympic Games , which his designated successor, longtime companion and friend Roh Tae-woo was to hold in South Korea. For example, Roh should be elected by a government body for his seven-year term. Because of the protests that lasted all of June, the dictatorial regime finally opted for democratic reforms - and Roh was surprisingly elected .

1996 Chun Doo-hwan was his eventual successor Young-sam Kim initially sentenced to death , the sentence but then on appeal to a sentence of life imprisonment converted.

literature

Web links

Commons : Chun Doo-hwan  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Hanns W. Maull, Ivo M. Maull: In focus: Korea - history, politics, economy, culture . Beck, Munich, 2004, pp. 82-83.
  2. Patrick Köllner: South Korea's political system. In: Thomas Kern, Patrick Köllner (Eds.): South Korea and North Korea: Introduction to History, Politics, Economy and Society . Campus Verlag, Frankfurt / New York, 2005, p. 58.
  3. Angela Köhler: Seoul court revokes the death penalty against Chun. In: Berliner Zeitung . December 17, 1996, accessed July 10, 2020 .
predecessor Office successor
Choi Kyu-ha South Korean President
1980–1988
Raw Tae-woo