Claude Fauchet (Bishop)
Claude Fauchet (born September 22, 1744 in Dornes , † October 31, 1793 in Paris ), also known as Abbe Fauchet , was a Catholic priest and supporter of the French Revolution . He became a constitutional bishop , was a member of parliament and was executed in connection with the murder of Marat .
Life
Fauchet was initially a tutor to the Marquis de Choiseul. He was later a priest in Paris before becoming Vicar General of Bourges . Between 1783 and 1788 he held the title of Prédicateur du Roi .
He was a member of the Paris Commune and took part in the storming of the Bastille at the beginning of the revolution . He subsequently gave pro-revolutionary speeches or sermons in some Parisian churches, which received a lot of attention. In Saint-Jacques he spoke on August 5, 1789 during a service for the dead who had been found after the storming of the Bastille. The remains were not political prisoners, but soldiers from earlier centuries. He defended what had happened and called the aristocracy the real opponent of the movement. He spoke of a day of revelation, because the bones rose to the voice of France's freedom to prophesy the regeneration of nature and the life of the nation after centuries of oppression and death. In Notre-Dame de Paris he consecrated the new flags of the National Guard . In 1789 he published De la Religion nationale. He founded the Cercle Social and wrote for the magazine La Bouche de fer . Fauchet was considered one of the most powerful speakers of the revolution. He preached a gospel of equality during the meetings of the Cercle Social in Notre-Dame de Paris. During this time he represented a universalism based on Rousseau . This also formed the core of his Cercel Social. He argued that before the revolution all would have been ruled by the laws of descent, after which people would obey the fundamental Christian commandment, that of universal love, and true freedom and brotherhood. For many supporters of the revolution, Fauchet's ideas were too idealistic and unrealistic. As a result, the Cercle Social propagated a social collectivism that was met with distrust among moderate forces.
Fauchet was elected constitutional bishop of the Calvados department . He is said to have encountered resistance from the faithful. He spoke out in favor of the right to free religious practice for non-Catholics as well, but turned against the revolutionary plans to introduce divorce and priestly marriage.
He became a member of the Legislative Assembly in 1791 and later a member of the National Convention . He was one of the initiators of an agricultural law that provided for the abolition of large estates. He was expelled from the Jacobin Club by Robespierre in 1792 and turned to the Girondins . He edited the Journal des Amis. In the dispute over the fate of the king, he sharply criticized him, but spoke out not in favor of the death penalty, but in favor of exile. Fauchet also turned against the anti-church efforts.
He was accused of giving Charlotte Corday access to the convent. Corday denied Fauchet's involvement in the murder of Marat. But because the Revolutionary Tribunal did not believe this, he was sentenced to death and executed with the other Girondists on October 31.
literature
- Simon Schama: The hesitant citizen. Munich, 1989
- Wolfgang Kruse: The French Revolution. Paderborn, 2005 p. 204
Web links
- Short biography
- Clemens [= Claude] Fauchet in Wigand's Conversations Lexicon for all stands . Leipzig 1847, p. 912.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Simon Schama: The hesitating citizen. Munich, 1989 p. 419f.
- ↑ Simon Schama: The hesitating citizen. Munich, 1989 p. 177
- ↑ S. Simon Schama: The hesitant citizen. Munich, 1989 pp. 477, 575
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Fauchet, Claude |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Bishop and MP during the French Revolution |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 22, 1744 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Dornes |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 31, 1793 |
| Place of death | Paris |