Claude R. Canizares

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Claude R. Canizares

Claude Roger Canizares (* 1945 ) is an American astrophysicist and astronomer .

Life

Canizares studied physics at Harvard University and received his doctorate in 1972 with a thesis on experimental particle physics . As a postdoctoral fellow he went to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he switched to astrophysics and astronomy and became a professor in 1976. In 1980 he received a research grant from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation ( Sloan Research Fellowship ). From 1990 to 2001 he was director of the Center for Space Research and its successor (MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research). He also held various positions in university administration. He was Vice President of MIT from 2013 to 2015.

Canizare's main research interests are high-resolution spectroscopy and plasma diagnostics of cosmic X-ray sources. He led the development of the High Resolution Transmission Grating Spectrometer for the Chandra X-ray Observatory of NASA and a crystal spectrometer for the predecessor, the Einstein Observatory . He studied the properties of a wide variety of galactic and extra-galactic X-ray sources, including black holes and X-ray binary stars , supernova remnants , quasars and galaxy clusters . He also uses X-ray sources as probes for the investigation of interstellar and intergalactic matter.

Canizares was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1993 and of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2004. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science .

Fonts (selection)

  • Claude R. Canizares: Gravitational focusing and the association of distant quasars with foreground galaxies . In: Nature . tape 291 , 1981, pp. 620-624 , doi : 10.1038 / 291620a0 .
  • Gerard A. Kriss, Denis F. Cioffi, Claude R. Canizares: The X-ray emitting gas in poor clusters with central dominant galaxies . In: Astrophysical Journal . tape 272 , 1983, pp. 439-448 .
  • Claude R. Canizares, Giuseppina Fabbiano, Ginevra Trinchieri: Properties of the X-ray emitting gas in early-type galaxies . In: Astrophysical Journal . tape 312 , 1987, pp. 503-513 .
  • Claude R. Canizares et al .: The Chandra high-energy transmission grating: Design, fabrication, ground calibration, and 5 vears in flight . In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific . tape 117 , 2005, pp. 1144-1171 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Member Directory: Claude R. Canizares. National Academy of Sciences, accessed February 25, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Book of Members 1780 – present, Chapter C. (PDF; 1.3 MB) In: American Academy of Arts and Sciences (amacad.org). Retrieved February 25, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Canizares, Claude R.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Canizares, Claude Roger (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American astrophysicist and astronomer
DATE OF BIRTH 1945