Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum (Syria Palaestina)

The military diploma of the year 139 ( CIL 16, 87 )

The Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum [equitata] ( German 1st cohort the Flavian of the Roman citizens [partly mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is documented by military diplomas.

Name components

Flavia : the Flavian. The honorary designation refers to the Flavian emperors Vespasian , Titus or Domitian .

Civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. The soldiers had been recruited from Roman citizens when the original Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum was set up , from which this cohort was split off.

equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors (quingenaria) equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in Syria Palestine Province . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 139 to 160 AD.

Presumably due to the Bar Kochba uprising around 132/135, a vexillation of the Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum , which was stationed in the province of Syria , was moved to the province of Syria Palestine . This vexillation remained after the end of the uprising in Syria Palestine and was added to a complete cohort of the same name there.

The first evidence of unity in Syria Palestine is based on a diploma dated 139. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman forces in Syria ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated 142 to 160, prove the unity in the same province.

The unit is mentioned for the last time in the Notitia dignitatum with the designation Cohors prima Flavia for the Moleaatha location. She was part of the troops that were under the command of the Dux Palaestinae .

Locations

Cohort locations in Syria Palestine may have been:

Moleaatha: The unit is listed in the Notitia dignitatum for this location.

Members of the cohort

Members of the cohort are not known.

Further cohorts with the designation Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum

There was another cohort with this name, the Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum (Syria) . She is documented by military diplomas from 88 to 153 and was stationed in the province of Syria .

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

↑ ^a ^b ^c The scenario given here follows the remarks by Peter Weiß . He considers the repeated change of a single unit between Syria and Syria Palestine to be improbable and therefore assumes two different cohorts with this designation: the Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum (Syria) , which was stationed in the province of Syria and the Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum (Syria Palestine) , which was stationed in the province of Syria Palestine . John Spaul , however, assumes only one cohort that was stationed in these two provinces. The inscriptions listed by John Spaul are assigned to the Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum (Syria) .

Individual evidence

↑ John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp 26-27.
^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 173 table 15 ( PDF p. 175 ).
↑ Military diplomas of the years 139 ( CIL 16, 87 ), 142 ( RMM 29 ), 149/161 ( RMD 1, 160 ), 158 ( ZPE-159-283 ) and 160 ( RMD 3, 173 , RMM 41 , AE 2005, 1730 , AE 2011, 1810 ).

↑ Peter Weiß : The auxiliaries of the Syrian army from Domitian to Antoninus Pius. An interim balance sheet after the new military diplomas In: Chiron Communications of the Commission for Ancient History and Epigraphy of the German Archaeological Institute Volume 36 (2006), pp. 249–298, here pp. 278, 295.

^ Notitia dignitatum in partibus Orientis XXXIV ( online ).

[GE-4] The scenario given here follows the remarks by Peter Weiß . He considers the repeated change of a single unit between Syria and Syria Palestine to be improbable and therefore assumes two different cohorts with this designation: the Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum (Syria) , which was stationed in the province of Syria and the Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum (Syria Palestine) , which was stationed in the province of Syria Palestine . John Spaul , however, assumes only one cohort that was stationed in these two provinces. The inscriptions listed by John Spaul are assigned to the Cohors I Flavia Civium Romanorum (Syria) .

[jsp-1] John Spaul: Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1841710464 , pp 26-27.

[js-2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 173 table 15 ( PDF p. 175 ).

[MD-3] Military diplomas of the years 139 ( CIL 16, 87 ), 142 ( RMM 29 ), 149/161 ( RMD 1, 160 ), 158 ( ZPE-159-283 ) and 160 ( RMD 3, 173 , RMM 41 , AE 2005, 1730 , AE 2011, 1810 ).

[pw-5] Peter Weiß : The auxiliaries of the Syrian army from Domitian to Antoninus Pius. An interim balance sheet after the new military diplomas In: Chiron Communications of the Commission for Ancient History and Epigraphy of the German Archaeological Institute Volume 36 (2006), pp. 249–298, here pp. 278, 295.

[ND-6] Notitia dignitatum in partibus Orientis XXXIV ( online ).