Cohors I Germanorum (Moesia)

The Cohors I Germanorum [civium Romanorum] ( German 1st cohort of the Teutons [of the Roman citizens] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

Cohors : The cohort was an infantry unit of the auxiliary troops in the Roman army .

I : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the first ( Latin prima ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors prima ...

Germanorum : the Teutons . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the various Germanic tribes when the unit was set up.

civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition appears in two military diplomas of 147/160 and 157.

Since there are no references to the additions to the name milliaria (1000 men) and equitata (partially mounted), it can be assumed that it is a Cohors quingenaria peditata , a pure infantry cohort. The nominal strength of the unit was 480 men, consisting of 6 Centuries with 80 men each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the Moesia inferior province . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 121-157 AD.

The first evidence of unity in the province of Moesia inferior is based on a diploma dated 121. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Moesia ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 127 to 157, prove unity in the same province.

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Moesia inferior may have been:

Capidava : three inscriptions were found here.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

[] [Ce] lso Sta [tiellis], a prefect ( AE 1997, 1329 )
C (aius) Munatius Venustus, a prefect ( AE 1950, 76 )
Gaius Passenius Paulus : he is named on a diploma from 146 ( ZPE-195-230a ) as a commander.

L (ucius) Atilius [] ( AE 1939, 87 )
M (arcus) Sulpicius Felix, a prefect ( AE 1931, 36 ). He was also the tribune of the Cohors III Ulpia Petraeorum .
Titus Flavius Longinus Quintus Marcius Turbo (IGR I 622)

Others

C (aius) Valerius Alexander, a foot soldier: a diploma of 146 ( ZPE-195-230a ) was issued to him.

literature

John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4

Remarks

↑ The scenario given here is based on three different cohorts: the Cohors I Germanorum (Cappadocia) , which was stationed in the province of Cappadocia , the Cohors I Germanorum (Germania) , which was stationed in the province of Germania superior and the Cohors I Germanorum ( Moesia) , which was stationed in the province of Moesia inferior .
↑ ^a ^b The assignment of the two commanders to the Cohors I Germanorum (Moesia) is controversial.

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 235, 256.

^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 166 table 9 ( PDF ).

↑ Military diplomas of the years 121 ( Chiron-2008-296 ), 127 ( RMD 4, 241 , ZPE-165-232 ), 135 ( Chiron-2009-541 ), 145 ( RMD 3, 165 ), 146 ( RMD 4, 270 , ZPE-195-230a ), 147/160 ( ZPE-190-305 ), 155 ( RMD 5, 414 ) and 157 ( Chiron-2007-222 , RMD 1, 50 ).

↑ Inscriptions from Capidava ( AE 1939, 87 , AE 1950, 76 , AE 1997, 1329 ).

^ Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu: Alae et Cohortes Daciae et Moesiae. A review and update of J. Spaul's Ala and Cohors In: Acta Musei Napocensis 39-40 / I Cluj-Napoca, 2002-2003 (2004), pp. 259-296, here p. 284 ( online ).

↑ Werner Eck , Paul Holder , Andreas Pangerl, Peter Weiß : A surprising phenomenon: New witnesses in two diplomas for the troops of Moesia inferior from October 11, 146 In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik , Volume 195 (2015), p. 222 –230, here p. 224 ( online ).

[GE1-4] The scenario given here is based on three different cohorts: the Cohors I Germanorum (Cappadocia) , which was stationed in the province of Cappadocia , the Cohors I Germanorum (Germania) , which was stationed in the province of Germania superior and the Cohors I Germanorum ( Moesia) , which was stationed in the province of Moesia inferior .

[AN1-7] The assignment of the two commanders to the Cohors I Germanorum (Moesia) is controversial.

[jsp-1] A ^b John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 235, 256.

[js-2] Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 166 table 9 ( PDF ).