Cohors I Lucensium (Syria)

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The military diploma of June 13, 80 AD ( CIL 16, 26 )

The Cohors I Lucensium [equitata] ( German  1st cohort from the conventus Lucensis [partially mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components
  • I : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the first ( Latin prima ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Cohors prima ...
  • Lucensium : from the conventus Lucensis . The soldiers of the cohort were recruited when the unit was established in the area of ​​the conventus (iuridicus) Lucensis (with the capital Lucus Augusti ).
  • equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors quingenaria equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the provinces of Dalmatia and Syria . It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 88-153.

The unit was stationed in Dalmatia in the 1st century AD , where it is documented by inscriptions. It may also have been stationed in the province of Pannonia around 80 . At an unspecified point in time, the cohort was relocated to Syria , where it is first evidenced by a diploma dated 88. In the diploma, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman forces in Syria ) that were stationed in the province. Other diplomas, dated 91 to 153, prove unity in the same province.

A vexillation of the cohort took part in the Parthian War of Lucius Verus (161–166). It is listed in an inscription as part of the units that were under the direction of Marcus Valerius Lollianus . The inscription says that Lollianus was the commander in Mesopotamia over sections of selected riders of the Alen [..] and the cohorts .

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Dalmatia were possibly:

  • Bigeste (Humac): two inscriptions were found here.
  • Promona (Tepljuh): an inscription was found here.

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known.

Commanders

Others

See also

Web links

Commons : Cohors I Lucensium (Syria)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

  • Agustín Jiménez de Furundarena: Cohors I Lucensium Equitata In: Hispania Antiqua , Volume XL (2016), pp. 169-190 ( online ).
  • Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula. Dissertation, 1973 Volume 1 ( PDF 1 ) Volume 2 ( PDF 2 )
  • John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4

Remarks

  1. ↑ The scenario given here assumes two different cohorts: the Cohors I Lucensium (Syria) , which was stationed in the provinces of Dalmatia and Syria , and the Cohors I Lucensium (Germania) , which was stationed in the Germania province .
  2. ^ According to Margaret M. Roxan , the unit was probably set up as a result of the Pannonian uprising and stationed in the province of Illyricum .
  3. ↑ It is uncertain whether the cohort also stayed in the province of Pannonia for some time . The military diploma ( CIL 16, 26 ), issued to the units in the province of Pannonia and dated June 13, 80, lists the Cohors I Lucensium in one place and the Cohors II Lucensium in another . Which of the two units it is is controversial.
  4. ↑ According to John Spaul and Margaret M. Roxan, Gavillius was the brother of Andamionius and therefore probably also a member of the unit. The reading of the EDCS is Gav [i] llius f (ilius) [h] er (es?) .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Margaret M. Roxan , The Auxilia, pp. 65, 69-70, 464-468, 754-755.
  2. ↑ a b c Agustín Jiménez de Furundarena, Cohors I Lucensium Equitata, pp. 171, 176, 179-189.
  3. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 80 ( CIL 16, 26 ), 88 ( CIL 16, 35 ), 91 ( Chiron-2006-221 , RMD 1, 4 ) and 153 ( Chiron-2006-267 ).
  4. ↑ a b John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 69-71, 82.
  5. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 172 Table 14 ( PDF ).
  6. ^ Inscription CIL 3, 600
  7. ↑ Peter Weiß , The auxiliaries of the Syrian army from Domitian to Antoninus Pius. An interim assessment based on the new military diplomas In: Chiron , Volume 36 (2006), pp. 249–298, here pp. 273–275.
  8. ↑ Rudolf Haensch , Peter Weiß: A difficult way. The road construction inscription by M. Valerius Lollianus from Byllis. In: Communications from the German Archaeological Institute. Roman department . Volume 118, 2012, pp. 435-454, here pp. 441-442, 448-449 ( online ).
  9. ↑ Inscriptions from Bigeste ( CIL 3, 8486 , CIL 3, 8492 )
  10. ↑ Inscription from Promona ( CIL 3, 9834 )