Cohors I Thracum Syriaca

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The Cohors I Thracum Syriaca [equitata] ( German  1st cohort of the Thracian Syriaca [partially mounted] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions.

Name components

  • Thracum : The soldiers of the cohort were recruited from the Thracian people on the territory of the Roman province of Thrace when the unit was established .
  • Syriaca : from the province of Syria or Syria. The addition appears in the military diplomas from 78 to 157 and inscriptions.
  • equitata : partially mounted. The unit was a mixed association of infantry and cavalry. The addition occurs in inscriptions.

Since there is no evidence of the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was a Cohors quingenaria equitata . The nominal strength of the cohort was 600 men (480 infantry and 120 horsemen), consisting of 6 centuries of infantry with 80 men each and 4 tower cavalry with 30 horsemen each.

history

The cohort was stationed in the Moesia Province . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 78-157 AD.

The unit was probably stationed in the province of Syria in the 1st century and was probably relocated to Moesia under Vespasian (69–79) . The first evidence of unity in Moesia is based on diplomas dated to 78. In the diplomas, the cohort is listed as part of the troops (see Roman Armed Forces in Moesia ) that were stationed in the province.

The cohort probably took part in Trajan's Dacer wars . The unit in Moesia superior is documented by diplomas dated 100 to 115 . On the diplomas of 115, the cohort is listed among the units that were assigned to Trajan's Parthian War ( translatis in expeditione ). On her return she was stationed in Moesia inferior , where she is evidenced by diplomas dated 125 to 157.

Locations

Locations of the cohort in Moesia were possibly:

Members of the cohort

The following members of the cohort are known:

Commanders

Others

  • [] inus, a tab ( CIL 3, 14579 )
  • C (aius) Cassius Lo [], a veteran ( CIL 3, 14575 )
  • Calus, a foot soldier: a diploma of 127 ( RMM 23 ) was issued to him.
  • L. Furius Seuthes, an optio

See also

literature

  • Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004 ( PDF ).
  • John Spaul : Cohors² The evidence for and a short history of the auxiliary infantry units of the Imperial Roman Army , British Archaeological Reports 2000, BAR International Series (Book 841), ISBN 978-1-84171-046-4
  • Margaret M. Roxan , Werner Eck : A Diploma of Moesia Inferior: 125 June. 1 In: Journal of Papyrology and Epigraphy . Volume 116 (1997), pp. 193-203 ( online ).
  • Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu: Alae et Cohortes Daciae et Moesiae. A review and update of J. Spaul's Ala and Cohors In: Acta Musei Napocensis 39-40 / I Cluj-Napoca, 2002-2003 (2004), pp. 259-296 ( online ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Inscriptions with Syriaca ( AE 1926, 150 , AE 1939, 101 , AE 1968, 484 , CIL 3, 8261 ), ( CIL 3, 8262 ), ( CIL 3, 14575 ), ( CIL 3, 14579 )
  2. ↑ inscriptions with equitata ( AE 1926, 150 , CIL 3, 8261 )
  3. ^ A b c John Spaul , Cohors², pp. 353-354, 366.
  4. ↑ Jörg Scheuerbrandt , Exercitus, p. 163, 166 tables 7, 9 (PDF pp. 165, 168).
  5. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 78 ( CIL 16, 22 , RMD 4, 208 , ZPE-173-237 ), 100 ( CIL 16, 46 ), 115 ( Chiron-2005-64 , Chiron-2008-363 ), 125 ( RMD 4 , 235 ), 127 ( RMD 4, 241 , RMM 23 , ZPE-165-232 ), 136 ( ZPE-174-259 ), 145 ( RMD 3, 165 ), 146 ( RMD 4, 270 ) and 157 ( RMD 1 , 50 ).
  6. ^ A b Margaret M. Roxan , Werner Eck , A Diploma, p. 197.
  7. ↑ Inscriptions from Timacum Minus ( CIL 3, 8261 ), ( CIL 3, 8262 ), ( CIL 3, 14575 ), ( CIL 3, 14579 )
  8. ↑ Inscription from Tutrakan ( AE 1939, 101 )
  9. ↑ a b Ovidiu Țentea, Florian Matei-Popescu, Alae et Cohortes, p. 294.