Columbian Naval Review

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The Columbian Naval Review was an international naval review in New York Harbor that took place on August 27, 1893 . The occasion was the 400th anniversary of the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus and the world exhibition that was organized in Chicago .

procedure

The replicas of Columbus' ships

About a week before the ships from ten nations left New York Harbor, they had met in Hampton Roads . A parade has already been held there. A reception was also held at Fort Monroe and other social gatherings were held.

After the parade was scheduled to start at 10:30 am, it had to be postponed to 1:00 pm due to bad weather. The parade was led by replicas of the Santa Maria , the Pinta and the Niña , the three ships that were used by Christopher Columbus on his expedition to India.

This was followed by two lines of warships with a crew of over 10,000 men in parallel . From the far end of the parade, smaller ships with dignitaries like the US President passed between the ships to look at them. As they passed, each warship fired 21 gun salutes to honor the president. These ships passed the river between the two rows of ships from 1:00 p.m., starting from behind.

In the evening, a gala ball was held in Madison Square Garden , attended by 8,000 people, while the warships on the river were decked out with lanterns. In the afternoon, a military parade took place on the streets of New York , attended by approximately 10,000 people. In addition to crew members of the fleet, troops from the United States and New York State were involved, as well as departments of the naval reserves from New York and Massachusetts .

Ships involved

Harbor side

United States of America ( Rear Admiral Bancroft Gherardi )
Argentina (Rear Admiral Howard)
Holland (Captain Arriens)
SMS Kaiserin Augusta and SMS Seeadler in New York in 1893
Germany (Captain Buchsel)
United States of America

Starboard side

Great Britain ( John Ommanney Hopkins , Commander in Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet )
Russia ( Rear Admiral Koznakoff )
France ( Rear Admiral de Libran )
Italy ( Rear Admiral Magnaghi )
  • Etna
  • Giavanni Bausan
Reina Regente in New York
Spain (Rear Admiral Gomez Y Lono )
Brazil (Rear Admiral de Noronha )

Sightseeing ships

literature

  • Alfred Sidney Johnson, Clarence A. Bickford, William W. Hudson, Nathan Haskell Dole: The Cyclopedic review of current history. Volume 3, Garretson, Cox & Co., Buffalo (NY) 1894, pp. 296 f. ( archive.org ).