Communist Party of India

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Communist Party of India
CPI-banner.svg
D. Raja
Secretary General D. Raja
founding December 25, 1925
Youth organization Allinidian youth association
newspaper NewAge
Mukti Sangharsh
Alignment Marxism-Leninism ,
Communism
Parliament seats Lok Sabha
2/545
International connections International meeting of communist and workers' parties
Website communistparty.in

The Communist Party of India (CPI) ( Hindi भारतीय कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी Bhāratīya Kamyunisṭ Pārṭī , Bengali ভারতের কমিউনিস্ট পার্টি ) is a communist party in India . According to its own account, it was founded in 1925. In 1964 the party split over the attitude towards the Indo-Chinese border war of 1962. A large part of the party formed the Communist Party of India (Marxist) .

Founding and development during the time of British colonial rule

Today's CPI dates its founding on December 25, 1925. In historical research, however, the majority of the opinion is that the CPI was founded shortly after the Second World Congress of the Communist International in Tashkent in 1920 under the leadership of Manabendra Nath Roy , which lasted until the split in 1964. In what was then British India in the 1920s, the first local party groups were formed in Bombay , Madras , Punjab and Sindh . These groups kept in close contact with anti-colonialist organizations that were involved in the partly armed struggle for independence against the British colonial rulers. The British colonial authorities fought the communists through legal repression. There were three high treason trials against the foreign party leadership led by MNRoy and RCSharma. The financing of the CPI by the Soviet Union was also discussed. In 1925 there was a party conference in Kanpur at which various left groups finally united as the Indian section of the Comintern to form the Communist Party of India. In the period from 1926 to 1929, the CPI cooperated with the Workers 'and Peasants' Party, which at that time was operating within the Indian National Congress (INC). In July 1929, the Tenth Plenum of the Comintern ordered the CPI to withdraw from the Workers and Peasants Party, since it was dominated by "petty-bourgeois intellectuals". The CPI made a sharp left turn in its politics and fought the INC as "bourgeois-nationalist". It was not until the Comintern's Popular Front policy in 1934 that a tactical rapprochement came about. After the attack by Nazi Germany on the Soviet Union in 1941, the CPI supported the war efforts of the Allies in the Second World War , including those of the colonial power Great Britain, to assist the Soviet Union. The CPI spoke out against defeatist strikes and sabotage and was therefore legalized in 1942. They also spoke out vehemently against the Quit India movement , which Mahatma Gandhi and the Congress Party had initiated in August 1942nd

After independence

After Indian independence in 1947 there was a sharp change of course in the party between a military struggle against various local principalities within the Indian Union, which opposed a surrender of their power to the new central government, and a moderate "program of the democratic revolution" . The CPI supported the peasants' struggle for land reform . The Sino-Indian border war in 1962 led to a radical split in the parties. The majority of the party leadership and membership supported the Chinese position and advocated conscientious objection and sabotage of the Indian war effort. This majority stream then formed into the Communist Party of India (Marxist) in 1964 , while the wing loyal to Moscow kept the formal party bodies under control. As a result of this split, the CPI lost much of its membership and political influence. In the last national election in 2014, the party won only one of the 543 seats in parliament.

See also

Web links

Commons : Communist Party of India  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Brief History of CPI. Communist Party of India, accessed December 28, 2014 .
  2. ↑ Sobhanlal Datta Gupta: Comintern and communism in India from 1919 to 1943 . Berlin, Karl Dietz 2013. pp. 92-100
  3. ↑ Lutz Getzschmann: India and the Naxalites. Agrarian revolts and capitalist modernization . New ISP, Karlsruhe 2011, p. 33
  4. ↑ MVS Koteswara Rao: Communist Parties and United Front - Experience in Kerala and West Bengal . Prajasakti Book House, Hyderabad 2003, p. 89
  5. ^ Subodh Roy (ed.): Communism in India - Unpublished Documents 1925–1934 . National Book Agency, Calcutta 1998, pp. 39-52
  6. ↑ MVS Koteswara Rao: Communist Parties and United Front - Experience in Kerala and West Bengal . Prajasakti Book House, Hyderabad 2003, pp. 97-98, 111-112
  7. ↑ Sobhanlal Datta Gupta: Comintern and communism in India from 1919 to 1943 . Karl Dietz, Berlin 2013, pp. 244–247
  8. ↑ Bipan Chandra et al.: India after Independence 1947-2000 . Penguin, New Delhi 2008, pp. 194-212.
  9. ^ EMS Namboodiripad: The Communist Party in Kerala - Six Decades of Struggle and Advance . National Book Center, New Delhi 1994, p. 273
  10. ↑ Pradip Basu: Towards Naxalbari (1953-1967) - An Account of Inner-Party Ideological Struggle . Progressive Publishers, Calcutta 2000, pp. 72-109.
  11. ↑ timesofindia.indiatimes.com