Consistoire Constantine
The Consistoire Constantine , based in the Algerian city of Constantine , was created in 1845 as a Consistoire provincial, which was subordinate to the Consistoire central algérien . The Jewish denomination was thus organized for the French colonial territory of Algeria , as it has been for the French mainland since 1808 (see Consistoire central israélite ) .
history
The Consistoire Oran, which was created at the same time, was also subordinate to the Consistoire central algérien . In 1867 these three Algerian consistories (Algiers, Constantine and Oran) were attached to metropolitan France, d. H. like all regional consistory subordinate to the Consistoire central israélite.
tasks
The consistories, which were given semi-state status, were supposed to regulate the internal affairs of the Jewish religious community based on the Protestant model . The consistory had to administer the cult, to encourage the Jews to exercise useful professions and to nominate the Jewish recruits to the authorities .
At the top of the three-tier hierarchical structure was the Consistoire central israélite (Central Consistory) in Paris , to which the regional consistories (Consistoires régionaux) were subordinate, to which the individual Jewish communities (communautés juives) were subordinate. The consistories had the task of supervising the practice of religion within the state laws and of setting and collecting taxes so that the organs of the Jewish denomination could meet their expenses.
With the law separating church and state , which came into force in 1905 , the period of consistories ended. The Jewish communities now had to constitute themselves as associations and get along without government grants.
Members
Each regional consistory had a chief rabbi and four lay members elected by the Jewish notables of the affiliated communities.
Jewish communities
The Consistoire Constantine had around 4,500 members in 1855. In 1875 the following parishes were affiliated to the consistory:
- Constantine Jewish Community
- Aïn Beïda Jewish community
- Batna Jewish Community
- Bône Jewish Community (today Annaba )
- Bougie Jewish Community (today Bejaia )
- Bordj Bou Arreridj Jewish Community
- La Calle Jewish Community
- Guelma Jewish Community
- Jemmappes Jewish Community
- Jewish community Philippeville (today Skikda )
- Jewish community of Sétif
- Jewish community of Souq Ahras
- Tebessa Jewish Community
literature
- Annuaire pour l'an du monde 5616 from 13 septembre 1855 to 29 septembre 1856 à l'usage des israélites , 6th year, Paris (Librairie israélite) 1855
- Calendar à l'usage des israélites pour l'année 5636 de la création du monde (1875/76), Paris 1875