Cornus eydeana
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Cornus eydeana is a plant from the genus of dogwood ( Cornus ) within the family of Dogwood (Cornaceae). This evergreen tree isnative tosouthern Yunnan , China .
description
Cornus eydeana is an evergreen , small tree that reaches a height of 5 to 12 meters. The dark gray to brown trunk only branches out at a certain height.
The stalked, leathery leaves are arranged opposite to each other on the branch and measure 3 to 6 centimeters in width and 7 to 15 centimeters in length. They are dull green on the top and gray-green on the underside. Their shape is elliptical, somewhat egg-shaped, the base of the leaf rounded to wedge-shaped, the tip of the leaf somewhat extended. They are hairy with two-armed trichomes . In addition to the midrib, there are only three or four pairs of leaf veins , which, like many Cornus species, are characteristically curved towards the tip of the leaf.
The golden inflorescences are similar to those of other cornelian cherry species, but contain more flowers and have long stems. The flower buds are enclosed by two pairs of decrepit bracts . The hermaphrodite, radially symmetrical flower is fourfold with a double perianth . The chalice is four-toothed. The four flower petals are free. There is only one circle with four stamens . They surround a ring-shaped nectarium . Two carpels have become an under constant ovary grown. The flowering time is in September.
The stone fruits sit on a stalk about one centimeter long. They are oblong-oval and measure about 1.5 by 3 centimeters. Ripe fruits are juicy and dark red to almost black in color. They contain a slightly square stone, of the two ovules usually only one is developed. Round cavities in the walls of the stone surround the ovules. The fruits take a year to ripen.
distribution
Was found Cornus eydeana in southern Yunnan , a mountainous region in southern China on the northern edge of the tropics. Further populations could occur in the neighboring Guangxi Autonomous Region and in Vietnam , as the vegetation there is similar to that at the localities.
The plants grow in moist, evergreen forests at altitudes of 1,300 to 1,800 meters on limestone. Two other dogwood species occur there: Cornus oligophlebia and the Hong Kong dogwood ( Cornus hongkongensis ).
The ancestors of this species may have migrated from Europe to East Asia in the middle of the Oligocene .
Taxonomy
Within the genus Cornus , Cornus eydeana belongs to the group of cornel cherries ( subgenus Cornus ). Although outwardly similar, the African species Cornus volkensii (also an evergreen tree) is not closely related. The closest relatives are rather the other three Eurasian species from this subgenus ( Cornelian cherry , Asian Cornelian cherry and Chinese Cornelian cherry ). The following representation of the relationships between the Cornelian cherries results:
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Botanical history
Cornus eydeana was first discovered in 2002 and scientifically described in 2003 . The name honors the botanist Richard H. Eyde (1928–1990), whose research area included the genus Cornus .
use
Since the fruits are larger than those of the well-known Cornelian cherry ( Cornus mas ), it is speculated that this species could be suitable for breeding large-fruited hybrids.
supporting documents
- ↑ Qiu-Yun (Jenny) Xiang, Steve R. Manchester, David T. Thomas, Wenheng Zhang: Phylogeny, Biogeography, and Molecular Dating of Cornelian Cherries (Cornus, Cornaceae). Tracking Tertiary Plant Migration . In: evolution . tape 59 , no. 8 , 2005, ISSN 0014-3820 , p. 1685-1700 .
literature
- Qiu-Yun (Jenny) Xiang, Yu-Min Shui, Zack Murrell: Cornus eydeana (Cornaceae), A New Cornelian Cherry from China - Notes on Systematics and Evolution . In: Systematic Botany (2003), Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 757-764. Summary online.
- Qiu-Yun (Jenny) Xiang, Steve R. Manchester, David T. Thomas, Wenheng Zhang: Phylogeny, Biogeography, and Molecular Dating of Cornelian Cherries (Cornus, Cornaceae): Tracking Tertiary Plant Migration . In: Evolution (2005), Vol. 59, No. 8, pp. 1685-1700.