Crossodactylodes

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Crossodactylodes
Systematics
without rank: Amphibians (Lissamphibia)
Order : Frog (anura)
Subordination : Neobatrachia
Family : Whistling Frogs (Leptodactylidae)
Subfamily : Paratelmatobiinae
Genre : Crossodactylodes
Scientific name
Crossodactylodes
Cochran , 1938

Crossodactylodes is a South American genus of frogs from the Leptodactylidae family . Because of its uncertain relationship among the South American frogs, the genus was lastinvestigatedin 2013 in terms of molecular genetics andtransferred back to the Leptodactylidae familyfrom the Cycloramphidae family, to which it was first placed in 2006.

features

The genus is characterized by its widened fingers and toes and by the hidden tympanum (outer membrane of the hearing organ). An essential feature of the genus, which Doris Mable Cochran did not mention when she first described the type species Crossodactylodes pintoi in 1938, are the horny thorns on the thumbs of the males. It was not until 1955 that Doris Mable Cochran mentioned these thorns in her study Frogs of Southeastern Brazil.

distribution

The genus is endemic to the highlands of the Atlantic rainforests of Brazil . The distribution area includes parts of the states of Rio de Janeiro , Espírito Santo , Minas Gerais and Bahia in southeastern Brazil.

Way of life

The frogs of the genus Crossodactylodes spend their entire life cycle in the water-filled funnels of bromeliads .

Taxonomy and systematics

In 2013, the subfamily Crossodactylodinae within the family Leptodactylidae was established for Crossodactylodes and the closely related genera Rupirana , Paratelmatobius and Scythrophrys . However, this name is invalid, since a similar group was described under the name Paratelmatobiinae as early as 2012 .

species

At the beginning of 2014 5 species were described:

As of September 25, 2014

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Darrel R. Frost, Taran Grant, Julián Faivovich, Raoul H. Bain, Alexander Haas, Celio FB Haddad, Rafael O. de Sá, A. Channing, Mark Wilkinson, Stephen C. Donnellan, Christopher J. Raxworthy, Jonathan A. Campbell, Boris L. Blotto, Paul E. Moler, Robert C. Drewes, Ronald A. Nussbaum, John D. Lynch, David M. Green, and Ward C. Wheeler: The amphibian tree of life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 297, pp. 1-370, 2006 full text
  2. ↑ a b Antoine Fouquet, BL Blotto, MM Maronna, VK Verdade, FA Juncá, RD de Sá & T. Rodrigues: Unexpected phylogenetic positions of the genera Rupirana and Crossodactylodes reveal insights into the biogeography and reproductive evolution of Leptodactylid frogs. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 67, pp. 445-457, 2013 doi : 10.1016 / j.ympev.2013.02.009
  3. ^ Doris Mable Cochran: Diagnosis of new frogs from Brazil. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 541, pp. 41-42, 1938
  4. ^ Doris Mable Cochran: Frogs of Southeastern Brazil. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 206, pp. 1-423, 1955
  5. ↑ A. Ohler & A. Dubois: Validation of two familial nomina nuda of Amphibia Anura. Alytes, 28, 3-4, pp. 162-167, 2012
  6. ↑ A. Dubois: Crossodactylodinae Fouquet, Blotto, Maronna, Verdade, Juncá, de Sá & Trefaut Rodrigues, 2013 is an invalid junior synonym of Paratelmatobiinae Ohler & Dubois, 2012 (Amphibia, Anura). Zootaxa, 3700, 3, pp. 499-500, 2013 doi : 10.11646 / zootaxa.3700.3.10
  7. ↑ Darrel R. Frost: Crossodactylodes , Amphibian Species of the World, American Museum of Natural History, 1998-2014, accessed March 3, 2014
  8. ↑ a b O. L. Peixoto: 2 New Species of Crossodactylodes of Santa Tereza, State of Espirito Santo, Brazil (Amphibia: Anura: Leptodactylidae). Revista Brasileira De Biologia, pp. 619-626, 1982
  9. ↑ Izabela M. Barata, Marcus TT Santos, Felipe SF Leite & Paulo CA Garcia: A new species of Crossodactylodes (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from Minas Gerais, Brazil: first record of genus within the Espinhaço Mountain Range. Zootaxa, 3731, 4, pp. 552-560, 2013
  10. ↑ Mauro Teixeira Jr., Renato Sousa Recoder, Renata Cecília Amaro, Roberta Pacheco Damasceno, José Cassimiro & Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues: A new Crossodactylodes Cochran, 1938 (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Paratelmatobiinae) from the highlands of the Atlantic Forests of southern Bahia, Brazil . Zootaxa, 3702, 5, pp. 459-472, 2013

literature

  • Doris Mable Cochran : Diagnosis of new frogs from Brazil. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 541, pp. 41-42, 1938 (first description)
  • Doris Mable Cochran: Frogs of Southeastern Brazil. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 206, pp. 1-423, 1955

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