Ctenonotus
Ctenonotus | ||||||||||||
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![]() Ctenonotus distichus , male with erect throat. |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Ctenonotus | ||||||||||||
Fitzinger , 1843 |
Ctenonotus is a genus of small lizards from the group of iguanas thatoccurson many islands in the Caribbean . The generic name is derived from the Greek and refers to the large neck crest in the type species Ctenonotus bimaculatus ("kteis" = comb + "noton" = back).
features
Ctenonotus species are small lizards and reach head-to-trunk lengths of 4.6 to 12.3 cm. In addition there is the tail whose length in this genus is always double to 2.5 times the length of the head and torso. Females often stay a little smaller than males. However, many species show no sexual dimorphism . Ctenonotus species are usually brownish or greyish, less often green.
The monophyly of the genus is supported by 46 apomorphies , 39 of which are molecular biological and 7 morphological .
The morphological include the parietal eye in the suture of the pair of parietal bones , the arrow-shaped interclavicle, a bone that connects the actual clavicle with the breastbone (sternum), 3 or 4 lumbar vertebrae and usually 6, less often 7 caudal vertebrae in front of the first vertebra capable of autotomy . These caudal vertebrae also have transverse processes , those behind them do not. The post frontal , a small, paired cover bone of the roof of the skull, is usually present. Palatine teeth may be present or absent. The splenial bone, a small bone in the lower jaw of amphibians and reptiles, may be present or absent.
distribution
Ctenonotus species are found in the Bahamas , the Turks and Caicos Islands , Hispaniola , Puerto Rico , the Virgin Islands and the Lesser Antilles north of Dominica (northern part of the Leeward Islands ).
species
The genus comprises a total of 26 species. The species are grouped into three species groups, the Ctenonotus bimaculatus species group comprising 17 species in the northern Lesser Antilles, the Ctenonotus distichus species group with 6 species in the Bahamas and Hispaniola and the 13 species Ctenonotus cristatellus species group on the Turks and Caicos Islands , Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.
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Ctenonotus bimaculatus species group, 17 species from the northern Lesser Antilles.
- Ctenonotus bimaculatus (Sparrman, 1784)
- Ctenonotus chrysops (Lazell, 1964)
- Ctenonotus desiradei (Lazell, 1964)
- Ctenonotus ferreus (Cope, 1864)
- Ctenonotus forresti (Barbour, 1923)
- Ctenonotus gingivinus (Cope, 1864)
- Ctenonotus kahouannensis (Lazell, 1964)
- Ctenonotus leachii (C. Duméril & Bibron, 1837)
- Ctenonotus lividus (Garman, 1888)
- Ctenonotus marmoratus (C. Duméril & Bibron, 1837)
- Ctenonotus nubilis (Garman, 1888)
- Ctenonotus oculatus (Cope, 1979)
- Ctenonotus pogus (Lazell, 1972)
- Ctenonotus sabanus (Garman, 1887)
- Ctenonotus schwartzi (Lazell, 1972)
- Ctenonotus terraealtae (Barbour, 1915)
- Ctenonotus wattsi (Boulenger, 1894)
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Ctenonotus distichus species group, 6 species in the Bahamas and Hispaniola.
- Ctenonotus altavelensis (Noble & Hassler, 1933)
- Ctenonotus brevirostris (Bocourt, 1870)
- Ctenonotus caudalis (Cochran, 1932)
- Ctenonotus distichus (Cope, 1861)
- Ctenonotus marron (Arnold, 1980)
- Ctenonotus websteri (Arnold, 1980)
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Ctenonotus cristatellus species group, 13 species in the Turks and Caicos Islands, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands.
- Ctenonotus acutus (Hallowell, 1856)
- Ctenonotus cooki (Grant, 1931)
- Ctenonotus cristatellus (C. Duméril & Bibron, 1837)
- Ctenonotus desechensis (Heatwole, 1976)
- Ctenonotus ernestwilliamsi (Lazell, 1983)
- Ctenonotus evermanni (Stejneger, 1904)
- Ctenonotus gundlachi (W. Peters, 1876)
- Ctenonotus krugi (W. Peters, 1876)
- Ctenonotus monoensis (Stejneger, 1904)
- Ctenonotus poncensis (Stejneger, 1904)
- Ctenonotus pulchellus (C. Duméril & Bibron, 1837)
- Ctenonotus scriptus (Garman, 1888)
literature
- Kirsten E. Nicholson, Brian I. Crother, Craig Guyer, Jay M. Savage : It is time for a new classification of anoles (Squamata: Dactyloidae) (= Zootaxa . 3477). Magnolia Press, Auckland 2012, ISBN 978-1-77557-010-3 , digital version (PDF; 8.24 MB) .