DR small locomotive performance group I
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Small locomotives of performance group I were purchased as small locomotives with low weight and low drive power (up to 39 HP / 28.6 kW) by the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft (DRG) for light shunting tasks from 1930. These shunting locomotives with internal combustion engines were only intended for use at railway stations and should not leave this railway system.
To mark small locomotives, the DRG introduced the root letter K in 1931 , followed by an index for the type of drive used: b (benzene) stood for drive by a carburetor engine and ö (oil) for drive by diesel engines. The small locomotives were assigned to "performance group I" due to the low engine power and were given the number range from 0001 to 3999. Since only very few locomotives with carburetor engines (Kb) were delivered, the designation Kö I , K = small locomotive, ö = diesel engine, performance group I, most common. At the Deutsche Bundesbahn they were run as the class 311 from 1968 and at the Deutsche Reichsbahn in 1970 as the class 100.0.
history
After the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft had initially procured some test locomotives in 1925, it divided the procurement of additional small locomotives into two performance groups from 1931. The performance group I (Lg I) for small locomotives with an engine output of up to 39 hp, for shunting operations at small stations under simple conditions, with a maximum speed of 30 km / h. As well as performance group II for small locomotives with an engine output of 40 hp to a maximum of 150 hp.
The first two DRG small locomotives of Lg I were the V 6016 and V 6017 with diesel engines, type B-dm, supplied by the Fürst-Stolberg-Hütte in Ilsenburg. The "V" stood for combustion locomotives. Due to the new designation scheme from 1931, they were classified in performance group I and listed as Kö 0001 and Kö 0002. However, both locomotives did not prove themselves due to many deficiencies and were retired in 1932.
While the DRG specified some dimensions for the locomotives of performance group II as early as 1931, it ordered the small locomotives offered by the manufacturer for performance group I from 1931 to 1934, as they were in the range for industrial railways in order to keep the procurement price low. These locomotives were supplied by Arnold Jung Lokomotivfabrik , Orenstein & Koppel , Windhoff Bahn- und Anlagentechnik , Gmeinder & Co. , Maschinenfabrik Eßlingen and Breuer Werk AG as Kö or Kb 0003-0104 and had a mechanical power transmission and chain drive with or without a jackshaft . They did not have to fully comply with the provisions of the railway building and operating regulations and were not allowed to leave the stations because they were too light to reliably trigger rail contacts. The type designation of the small locomotives of Lg I were: B-dm or B-bm, B = two driven axles, fuel: d = diesel, b = benzene, power transmission: m = mechanical.
Unit designs
Only when it became clear that the use of the locomotives of performance group I was also economical did the working group motor-small locomotives develop a standard design for the DRG.
This "standard design 1934" was based heavily on the last deliveries of small locomotives supplied by Gmeinder. All components of the small locomotive, except for the diesel engines, were standardized. The operator's cab of the locomotives was open at the sides, and all controls were arranged on both sides of the locomotive. In order to keep the procurement costs as low as possible compared to the small locomotives of performance group II, the frame was pulled through at the same height throughout. The side panels of the outer frame were only 10 mm thick. The wheels were designed as chilled cast iron wheels without wheel tires and the axle shaft was guided in simple plain bearings. The small locomotives had buffers and a very simple shunting coupling that could be coupled automatically and released with a foot lever. Power was transmitted from the centrally mounted gear train with simple roller chains to both axles. The locomotives only had a pedal brake and no air brake. The average weight was around 8 t.
As early as 1935, the design was further developed into the "reinforced standard design 1935". The small locomotives received a significantly reinforced frame and more powerful engines. Due to the higher weight of around 10 t, these locomotives were also allowed to leave the train stations.
The development of the small locomotives of performance group I ended with the introduction of the "reinforced standard design 1936", whereby only the gearbox was improved and components such as the axle shafts, the gearbox bearings and the suspension springs. All small locomotives of this type were built by Gmeinder & Co.
In order to be able to use domestic fuels, many locomotives were converted from 1942 to 1945 and run on liquid gas . After the Second World War , however, the locomotives were soon converted back to diesel operation.
Technical specifications
| DRG - small locomotives of the standard design performance group I | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard design 1934 | Reinforced standard design 1935 | Reinforced standard design 1936 | |
| Numbering: | Kö 0080, 0105 to 0184 |
Kö 0185 to 0244 | Kö 0245 to 0289 |
| Manufacturer : | Gmeinder, Windhoff, Esslingen | Gmeinder | |
| Year of construction (s): | 1934-35 | 1935-36 | 1936-38 |
| Retirement: | 1945 to 1989 | ||
| Axis formula : | B (two driven axles) | ||
| Gauge : | 1,435 mm | ||
| Length over buffers: | 5,475 mm | 5,575 mm | |
| Height: | 3,005 mm | 3,025 mm | |
| Width: | 2,960 mm | 2,962 mm | |
| Total wheelbase: | 2,500 mm | 2,506 mm | |
| Smallest drivable radius: | 50 m | ||
| Weight: | about 8 t | about 10 t | |
| Top speed: | 18 to 23 km / h | ||
| Power: | 18 to 22 kW (24–30 hp) | 26 to 28 kW (35–39 hp) | |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 850 mm | ||
| Fuel supply: | 56 l diesel | ||
| Motor type: | water-cooled or air-cooled diesel engines | ||
| Power transmission: | mechanical (switchable gear train, roller chains) | ||
| Locomotive brake: | Pedal brake, no air brake | ||
After 1945
By 1963, the Deutsche Bundesbahn decommissioned the small locomotives of the company designs and those of the standard design in 1934. It unified the remaining small locomotives from 1954 to 1962, while the locomotives received the more powerful air-cooled 50 hp Deutz F4L514 engine . Due to this increase in performance, the numbering scheme was changed - now locomotives with an output of up to 50 hp have been classified in performance group I. The small locomotives of the performance group I were nevertheless replaced by the small locomotives of the performance groups II and III. Due to the decline in general cargo traffic, many locomotives were taken out of service at DB in the 1960s and 1970s. The locomotives of the reinforced standard types 1935 and 1936 with the numbers between 0185 and 0281 became class 311 on January 1, 1968 due to the new number designation .
At the Deutsche Reichsbahn only the engines of the small locomotives were standardized, otherwise there were only minor modifications. In the 1970s, most of the locomotives were also retired; the remaining small locomotives now belonged to the 100.0 series . Some of the retired cars were officially declared as conversions, but a new class II locomotive was actually built in Raw Dessau.
Whereabouts
Some of the machines are still in their original design and in use today. For example:
- Kö 0049 in the railway museum in Schwarzenberg / Erzgeb.
- Kö 0128 of the AG Märkische Kleinbahn in Berlin
- Kö 0186 is exhibited in the galleries for art and technology in Schorndorf.
- Kö 0211 is being processed for special rail trips in Sauren
- Kö 0225 at the Bielefeld Railway Friends
- Kö 0242 of the steam locomotive friends Berlin received
- Kö 0260 received from the Berlin Railroad Friends
- Kö 0281 as V2 on the Hespertalbahn
literature
- Peter Große, Horst Troche: The standard small locomotives, performance groups I and II. EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2002, ISBN 3-88255-217-4 .
- Leopold Niederstraßer: About the development of small locomotives . In: Alfred B. Gottwaldt (ed.): Lok magazine . No. 118 . Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung W. Keller & Co., 1983, ISSN 0458-1822 , p. 21-31 .
- Leopold Niederstraßer: On the development of small locomotives, part 2 to issue 118 . In: Alfred B. Gottwaldt (ed.): Lok magazine . No. 119 . Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung W. Keller & Co., 1983, ISSN 0458-1822 , p. 114-121 .
- Service regulation of the Deutsche Reichsbahn, DV 939e, booklet for the vehicles of the Reichsbahn - V. Small Locomotives . Edition 1934
