Lake Matano

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Lake Matano
Matano Sunset.jpg
Geographical location Sulawesi ( Indonesia )
Drain → Penten → Towuti → Larona → Gulf of Bone
Places on the shore Soroako
Data
Coordinates 2 ° 29 ′  S , 121 ° 20 ′  E Coordinates: 2 ° 29 ′  S , 121 ° 20 ′  E
Lake Matano (Sulawesi)
Lake Matano
Altitude above sea level 382  m
surface 164 km²
length 28 km
width 8 kilometers
Maximum depth > 590 m
Catchment area ~ 436 km²dep1

Lake Matano ( indones . Danau Matano ) is a large lake in the east of the Indonesian island of Sulawesi . It belongs to the Malili lake system and is a rift lake in a cryptodepression of tectonic origin. The lake floor is up to 203 meters below sea level. The age of the lake is estimated to be one to four million years, but has never been verified using scientific methods. With a maximum depth of over 590 meters, it is the deepest lake in Indonesia and one of the ten deepest lakes on earth. The lake's water is extremely poor in nutrients ( ultra-oligotrophic ). Lake Matano is an important biodiversity hotspot .

fauna

The lake is home to some endemic fish. The Sulawesi rainbow fish (Telmatherinidae) are represented in the lake with six to seven species , Telmatherina abendanoni , T. albolabiosus , T. antoniae , T. prognatha , T. sarasinorum and T. wahjui . T. prognatha has a large and a small shape that may need to be separated from one another at the species level. Other endemic fish are the half- beak Nomorhamphus weberi , the rice fish Oryzias matanensis and the gobies Glossogobius matanensis and Mugilogobius adeia .

Some other fish species have been introduced into the lake by humans, including the gourdfish ( Trichopodus pectoralis ), the climbing fish ( Anabas testudineus ), cichlids of the genus Oreochromis , a predatory catfish ( Clarias cf. batrachus ) and a gill-slit eel ( Ophisternon cf. bengalense ). There is a single record for the Sägesalmler Colossoma macropomum and the armor catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis , both from South America, and the cichlid Melanochromis cyaneorhabdos , which originally comes from the East African Lake Malawi . The introduction of the flowerhorn cichlid, a cichlid hybrid bred in Malaysia, Thailand and Taiwan from Amphilophus trimaculatum and various other Amphilophus and Paraneetroplus species, which reproduces strongly, is quite aggressive and assertive and also predatory, is particularly problematic for the endemic fish fed by fish.

Also the freshwater shrimp of the genus Caridina are represented with numerous, endemic species, as well as freshwater crabs from the family Parathelphusidae and viviparous freshwater snails from the genus Tylomelania .

The endemic snail species Sulawesidrobia datar , Sulawesidrobia yunusi and Tylomelania zeamais are endemic in this lake , according to an IUCN risk assessment .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Sean A. Crowe (2008): The biogeochemistry of tropical lakes: A case study from Lake Matano, Indonesia. ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / gizmo.geotop.uqam.ca archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 885 kB) Limnology and Oceanography 53 (1): 319-331
  2. ↑ Website of the Indonesian Institute of Science ( Memento of the original from March 5, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / limnologi.lipi.go.id
  3. ↑ a b Fabian Herder, Jobst Pfaender & Ulrich K. Schliewen: Adaptive Sympatric Speciation of Polychromatic "Roundfin" Sailfin Silverside Fish in Lake Matano (Sulawesi). Evolution 62 (9): 2178-2195. 2008, doi: 10.1111 / j.1558-5646.2008.00447.x
  4. ↑ Telmatherina abendanoni on Fishbase.org (English)
  5. ↑ Telmatherina albolabiosus on Fishbase.org (English)
  6. ↑ Telmatherina sarasinorum on Fishbase.org (English)
  7. ↑ Telmatherina wahjui on Fishbase.org (English)
  8. ↑ Nomorhamphus weberi on Fishbase.org (English)
  9. ↑ Oryzias matanensis on Fishbase.org (English)
  10. ↑ Glossogobius matanensis on Fishbase.org (English)
  11. ↑ Mugilogobius adeia on Fishbase.org (English)
  12. ↑ Fabian Herder, UK Schliewen, MF Geiger, RK Hadiaty, SM Gray, JS McKinnon, RP Walter & J. Pfaender (2012): Alien invasion in Wallace's Dreamponds: records of the hybridogenic “flowerhorn” cichlid in Lake Matano, with an annotated checklist of fish species introduced to the Malili Lakes system in Sulawesi. (PDF; 2.1 MB) Aquatic Invasions 7 (4): 521-535
  13. ↑ Kristina von Rintelen & Yixiong Cai: Radiation of endemic species flocks in ancient lakes: systematic revision of the freshwater shrimp Caridina H Milne Edwards, 1837 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) from the ancient lakes of Sulawesi, Indonesia, with the description of eight new species . ( PDF ) In: Raffles Bulletin of Zoology . 57, No. 2, 2008, pp. 343-452.
  14. ↑ Chia, OCK & Ng, PKL (2006). The freshwater crabs of Sulawesi, with descriptions of two new genera and four new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Parathelphusidae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Singapore 54: 381-428.
  15. ↑ von Rintelen, T., K. von Rintelen & M. Glaubrecht (2010). The species flock of the viviparous freshwater gastropod Tylomelania (Mollusca: Cerithioidea: Pachychilidae) in the ancient lakes of Sulawesi, Indonesia: the role of geography, trophic morphology and color as driving forces in adaptive radiation. Page 485–512 in: Glaubrecht, M. & H. Schneider, eds. (2010). Evolution in Action: Adaptive Radiations and the Origins of Biodiversity. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany.
  16. ↑ The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species - Sulawesidrobia datar
  17. ↑ The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species - Sulawesidrobia yunusi
  18. ↑ The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species - Tylomelania zeamais