The house on the quayside
The house on the embankment , also "The House on the Moskva" ( Russian Дом на набережной Dom na nabereschnoi ), is a novel by the Soviet writer Yuri Trifonov , which appeared in the January 1976 issue of the Moscow literary magazine Druzhba Narodow .
overview
The Moscow habilitated literary scholar Vadim Alexandrovich Glebov takes in April 1974 an international conference of the essayists in Paris in part where it meets a colleague, whom he already comparatists congresses in Oslo and Zagreb has met. On the way to Paris he had met the mother of his childhood friend Lyovka Schulepnikow (sometimes also called Schulepa) on the train and had secretly asked himself: Why did Lyovka not want to recognize him at a chance encounter in Moscow in August 1972? The answer is already clear to Glebow, but he does not want to admit it. Lyovka sees Glebov as an opportunist , worse still - as a despicable coward. Glebov did not appear publicly at the Moscow Institute in the spring of 1949, as the institute management had strongly suggested, against his patron and graduate father, the old Bolshevik and former revolutionary Prof. Nikolai Wassiljewitsch Gantschuk at the decisive extended meeting of the Scientific Council at the Moscow Institute. However, he remained silent about the allegations made by the institute management, which brought the professor - at least a corresponding member of the academy - down. Marina Krasnikowa, an activist in the Scientific Society of Students and also Kuno Ivanovich, a confidante of Ganchuk, urged the seminar group secretary Glebow to speak out for the professor at that meeting. The folklorist Prof. Kruglow, the language professor Simonjan as well as some students and aspirants wanted to stand up for the professor. But Glebow had had a last-minute hindrance - the death of his grandmother. Glebow takes the reward for his hesitation - the Griboyedov scholarship - with him. Ganchuk had not resented his future son-in-law Glebow's absence; had put him in the picture about the director of the institute Dorodnow. The intriguer Dorodnow wrote a meaningless book about romanticism. Everything is written off somewhere. When the professor had already been removed from his institute by the director Dorodnow, Glebow had ventured into Gantschuk's house again to dump his only daughter, tall, pale Sonja. Of course, Glebow had kept the terrible truth behind the mountain until the very last moment - according to his maxim "let things drift"; had slept one last time with Sonja, the young woman with the kind, pale blue eyes and the docile body. Before that, Gantschuk, formerly “Fighter of the Red Cavalry Army”, stepped into the room suddenly and interrupted Glebow with the comment: “Do you know what the mistake was? That we spared Dorodnow in 1928. We shouldn't have let him get away with it. ”Later, while climbing the corporate ladder, Glebow looked for another woman.
shape
If Yuri Trifonov pronounces a truth in the present text - such as "You made a boom against Ganchuk" - this is an exception. Indirectities that are not immediately recognizable dominate more often. If, for example, the house on Uferstrasse is about the Great Terror under Stalin in 1937 and 1938, the attentive reader will only find two stories in the novel. By 1936 the Glebows and the Schulepnikov "moved into the terrible house ". Glebow was twelve years old in 1938 and his family sent him to Lyowka's stepfather Schulepnikow on the matter of Uncle Vladimir. The uncle in question was forcibly sent to the north of the Soviet Union. The powerful stepfather cannot help either because he does not find out anything. A person just disappears and he's done. Disappearance affects a whole family at the same time in the same place. The Bychkows are loud and difficult as neighbors. Twelve-year-old Glebow is happy that the Bychkows have never been seen again. What was that like? "A man in a long leather coat" had knocked and apparently fired three shots on the Bychkov dog, which was constantly yapping under the sofa. Since then the neighboring tenants had been quiet in front of the Bychkovs.
Yuri Trifonov suddenly looks into the future several times. When there is talk of the former officer Drusjajew, who trusts intelligence reports on Prof. Gantschuk, has not been a member of the institute's management for a long time and compels Glebow to denounce the professor in 1949, it is made clear that this man in an officer's jacket was "kicked out everywhere in 1951 and from a stroke to be hit. The "chief boiler driver" Drusjajew, son of a miller, was hiding behind Marxist phrases.
The reader seeks in vain to uncover well-kept secrets at the end of the novel. In some chapters, for example, an anonymous first-person narrator appears. This is neither Glebow nor Lyowka. Like the two boys, he belongs to the “secret society for willpower testing”. Sonja Gantschuk is also a member.
Yuri Trifonow chooses the beginning and ending of the novel in such a way that the reader recognizes: The story is about the rise and fall of two friends. While Glebow rises, Lyovka falls from student to unskilled worker in all possible professions. At the beginning of the novel, Lyovka worked as an employee in a company that sells furniture. At this chance encounter in 1972 mentioned above, Glebow had already obtained his habilitation. Most recently, the now 86-year-old Gantschuk and Glebow visit Sonja's grave near the Donskoy monastery on the anniversary of Sonia's death . Lyovka has become a cemetery porter.
reception
- In 1983 Ralf Schröder refers to the historical development of almost half a century in the Soviet Union, which Yuri Trifonov wanted to capture in the novel. Schröder writes: “In the thirties Glebow frightened the almighty stepfather of his school friend Schulepa, in the forties the cosmopolitanism campaign, but in the seventies Glebow represented his institute at international comparative conferences, that is, in that branch of literary studies that was once condemned as cosmopolitan had been."
- On December 18, 2007, Simone Schlindwein noted in the Spiegel : “At the end of 1938, every fifth apartment was empty. From 1934 to 1953, the secret service arrested a total of 887 of the former 2745 residents. Half were shot. "
- On March 10, 2011, Uli Hufen named generally applicable topics on Deutschlandfunk that this great novel of world literature deals with - for example Glebow's multiple betrayals out of fear for his own career. Hufen comments: "Apart from a few details in the execution, this has little to do with Stalinism."
- In 2018 Tanja Stern wrote about this “domicile for party officials, famous artists and deserving army officers”: “250 residents of the house fell victim to the Stalinist terror ; and foreign emigrants moved into some of the empty apartments, such as the German poet Erich Weinert , whom the luxurious view of the Kremlin inspired for his famous poem 'In the Kremlin is still light', a hymn to Stalin's godlike glory. "
Adaptations
theatre
- June 12, 1980, Taganka Theater Moscow: The house on the embankment with Weniamin Smechow and Valeri Solotuchin as Vadim Glebow. At the request of Yuri Lyubimov , Trifonov had edited the prose text for the stage. In 1984 the piece was removed from the repertoire because the nomenklatura disliked the portrayal of Yezhov in the 1930s.
- July 1990, Germany : The House of Remembrance , play by Andreas Knaup .
watch TV
- 2007 Russia : The house on the embankment. 4-part TV film by Arkadi Samoilowitsch Kordon (* 1945 in Barnaul ) with Valeri Michailowitsch Iwtschenko (* 1939 in Kupjansk ), Iwan Stebunow (* 1981 in Pavlovsk ), Alexei Wassiljewitsch Petrenko (* 1938 in Koselets district ) and Irina Petrovna (* Kuptschenko) 1948 in Vienna ).
literature
German-language editions
- Jurij Trifonow: The house on the Moskva. Novel. Translated from the Russian by Alexander Kaempfe . C. Bertelsmann Verlag, Munich 1977, ISBN 978-3-570-02897-1
- Yuri Trifonow: The house on the embankment. From the Russian by Eckhard Thiele . Pp. 165-314 in Juri Trifonow: Selected works. Volume 3 . Verlag Volk und Welt, Berlin 1983 (1st edition, edition used)
- Yuri Trifonow: The house on the embankment. Novel. From the Russian by Eckhard Thiele. Roman newspaper No. 481 (April issue 1990), Volk und Welt publishing house, Berlin 1990
Secondary literature
- Ralf Schröder (Ed.): Juri Trifonow: Selected works. Volume 4. Verlag Volk und Welt, Berlin 1983 (1st edition)
- Gennady Gorelik: Andrei Sakharov. A life dedicated to science and freedom. Translated from the Russian by Helmut Rotter. Birkhäuser, Basel 2013, ISBN 978-3-0348-0473-8
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Russian Дружба народов (журнал), in German: Friendship of the Nations
- ^ Schröder, Juri Trifonow: Selected works. Volume 4 , p. 402, fourth entry
- ↑ see edition used, comments, p. 556, 21. Zvo on the campaign in the Soviet Union “against the so-called cosmopolitans and creeps before the West” and, for example, Gennady Gorelik, p. 129, 1. Zvu
- ↑ Edition used, p. 215, 16. Zvu
- ↑ Edition used, p. 309, 16. Zvu
- ↑ Edition used, from p. 267, 11. Zvu
- ↑ Edition used, p. 212, 11. Zvo
- ↑ Edition used, p. 205, 13. Zvu to p. 207
- ↑ Edition in use, from p. 198 center
- ↑ Edition used, from p. 260, 11. Zvo
- ↑ Ralf Schröder in the notes of the edition used, pp. 557,11. Zvu
- ↑ Simone Schlindwein: The House of Terror
- ↑ Uli Hufen: Traitor out of fear
- ↑ Erich Weinert: There is still light in the Kremlin
- ↑ Tanja Stern: The Trifonovs and the house on the Moskva
- ↑ Andreas Knaup: The house of remembrance
- ↑ The house on the embankment at kinopoisk.ru
- ↑ Russian Кордон, Аркадий Самойлович
- ↑ Russian Ивченко, Валерий Михайлович
- ↑ Russian Стебунов, Иван Сергеевич
- ↑ Russian Петренко, Алексей Васильевич
- ↑ Russian Купченко, Ирина Петровна