de Havilland Gipsy
| De Havilland Aircraft Company | |
|---|---|
 Gipsy II |
|
| Gipsy | |
| Production period: | unknown |
| Manufacturer: | De Havilland Aircraft Company |
| Developing country: |
 United Kingdom
|
| First run: | 1927 |
| Working principle: | Otto |
| Motor design: | In-line engine |
| Cylinder: | 4th |
| Drilling: | 114 mm |
| Hub: | 128 mm |
| Displacement: | 5.23 cm 3 |
| Compression: | 5.0: 1 |
| Mixture preparation: | Carburetor |
| Engine charging: | no |
| Cooling system: | Air cooling |
| Power: | 73 kW |
| Previous model: | none |
| Successor: | none |
The de Havilland Gipsy was an aircraft engine made by the British manufacturer de Havilland Aircraft Company in the 1920s. It was used in numerous light aircraft between the wars.
The Gipsy was an air-cooled 4-cylinder in- line engine and was built in 1927 based on plans by Frank Halford . It was the first engine built by de Havilland.
history
In 1925 Geoffrey de Havilland needed an inexpensive propulsion system for the light sport aircraft he developed . Frank Halford then suggested constructing a four-cylinder engine by combining components from a proven eight-cylinder engine from Renault with parts from vehicle drives. The result was a 60 horsepower engine manufactured by the Aircraft Disposals Company (ADC) as the ADC Cirrus .
The sales success of the Moth in 1927 led to delivery problems for the engine manufacturer ADC. Geoffrey de Havilland therefore made the decision to set up his own engine production. He again entrusted Frank Halford with the development of the engine, which was largely based on the Cirrus engine.
The prototype still had an output of 135 hp. This drive was first used in a DH.71 Tiger Moth . In the production version of the Gipsy I, however, they were content with 98 HP (73 kW). The more powerful Gipsy II variant with 120 PS (90 kW) was later developed. The Moth aircraft, in which both engine versions were used, were from now on referred to as the DH60G Gipsy Moth .
However, the engine concept from vehicle construction with a crankshaft at the bottom and thus “standing” cylinders proved to be problematic . A new version in which the cylinders were arranged “hanging” (crankshaft on top) was given the designation Gipsy III. On this basis Halford developed the Gipsy Major and the Gipsy Minor . Another variant with six cylinders followed, the Gipsy Six. In the next few years de Havilland offered its engines to other aircraft manufacturers, which made them more popular.
variants
- Gipsy I - original version with 98 HP (73 kW) and vertical cylinders
- Gipsy II - piston stroke increased to 140 mm, 120 HP (90 kW) at a speed of 2300 rpm
- Gipsy III - Gipsy II with hanging cylinders
- Gipsy IV - smaller version of the Gipsy III with 82 HP (61 kW)
Use (selection)
- De Havilland Gipsy Moth
- De Havilland DH.71 Tiger Moth
- Airspeed Ferry
- Bartel BM-4
- Blackburn Bluebird
- Blackburn Segrave
- Miles Hawk
- PZL.19
- RWD-4
- Saro Windhover
- Spartan Arrow
- Stipa-Caproni
See also
- de Havilland Gipsy Major
- de Havilland Gipsy Minor
- de Havilland Gipsy Six
- de Havilland Gipsy King
- de Havilland Gipsy Queen
- de Havilland Gipsy Twelve
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ British Exhibits at the 1928 Berlin Aero Show. (PDF) The de Havilland Aircraft Co., Ltd. In: FLIGHT, OCTOBER 11, 1928. Flight International , October 11, 1927, pp. 870–872 , accessed on February 19, 2018 (English): "The DH" Gipsy "engine is a four-cylinder in line air-cooled unit, specially designed by Maj. FB Halford, FRAe.S., in collaboration with Capt. G. de Havilland, FRAe.S. "