The satchel, the hat and the horn

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The satchel, the hat and the horn is a fairy tale ( ATU 569). It is in the children's and house tales of the Brothers Grimm from the 2nd edition of 1819 on position 54 (KHM 54). In the 1st edition of 1812 it was similarly written as Von der Serviette, der Hornister, the Kanonenhütlein and the Horn in place 37 (KHM 37a).

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Three poor brothers are looking for happiness. In a forest there is a mountain made of silver. The eldest takes it and goes home, then the second with one made of gold. The youngest almost starves to death in an even larger forest. Even from the top of a tree he sees no end. When he descends he finds a set table. It's a wishing tablecloth. One after the other he meets three charcoal burners who give him a soldier's satchel, a hat and a horn. If you knock on the satchel, three soldiers appear, each of whom he has the cloth taken back. At home, his rich brothers mock him for his shabby clothes. His soldiers beat them and also beat the king's troops. The next day he sends more, but the hero turns the hat on, and cannons fire at it. He has the king's daughter given to him. She wants to get rid of him, takes his satchel and has him chased away, but he has the little hat. When she tries again and takes that away from him too, he blows the horn. The falling walls kill the king and his daughter. He makes himself king.

Origin and comparisons

The plot corresponds to the shorter Von der Serviette, the knapsack, the cannon hat and the horn from the first edition and, like this one, could come from Wachtmeister Krause . There are the three poor brothers from Schwarzenfels , probably the historical office of Schwarzenfels , the satchel is a knapsack from which six men come. A text from Grimm's estate revolves around similar miracles and soldiers. On the little horn cf. KHM 122 The donkey .

Grimm's comment makes a note of his origins in Niederhessen and gives another comment by Hans Sachs : Petrus rewards a mercenary for his three pfennigs, which were all his money, with dice. The mercenary is sitting at a meal he has requested, when a farmer comes to whom Peter has given a donkey for his hospitality, from which mercenaries fall when knocked on the tail. But from experience in the Bavarian war he shies away from them . The mercenary exchanges the donkey for the dice and then takes them from the donkey again with two mercenaries. The king in Sweden promises his daughter to whoever gives him a noble supper without fire, but does not want to keep his word and pursues the mercenary with the courtiers. He produces an army and wants a wall around it, so he gets his daughter. The donkey eats itself dead at the wedding feast. The skin is made into a drum on which the mercenaries come over (cf. KHM 193 Der Drummler ). Ziska p. 57 compares the happy brothers and a Danish text retold: Three poor tailors first come to a magician's mountain in a desert, with silver flowers and fruits that turn into silver at noon and midnight, then to a garden with gold apples. The first is satisfied with the silver, the second with the gold, they become rich traders. The third searches until he cannot find the mountain and garden again, and then comes to a witch who conjures a herd of goose with a pipe to step on them and who asks him to redeem them with a club. For this he finds a wishing table under her head. On the way home he entertains a rider with it, who gives him a cartridge pouch, from which soldiers and musicians come when knocked. With that the tailor takes the shawl from him again. At home he pretends to be poor with his wife and comrades and invites everyone to a banquet with music and a gun salute. The prince, who first thinks the enemy is coming, is entertained, but takes the shawl with force when the tailor does not want to sell it. He follows him into the castle, is beaten, but defeats the prince with the cartridge pouch. With Ignaz Vinzenz Zingerle p. 143 Bags, Hütlein and Pfeiflein and the four cloths p. 61; Heinrich von Kleist and Adam Müller's magazine Phöbus 6, 1808, pp. 8–17 The fairy tale of the long nose ; Fortunate ; KHM 36 Set the table, gold donkey and club out of the sack ; the robber's cave in Wolf's Hausmärchen p. 116 and Zingerle p. 73; Dutch in Wolfs Wodana No. 5, p. 69; Danish at Molbech No. 37; Tartar Relations of Ssidi Kur; Wallachian at Schott No. 54.

Hans-Jörg Uther also sees two Landsknechtsschwänke by Hans Sachs as literary forerunners . The plot is geared towards the final fratricidal conflict, but the first part reveals socio-historical references: In an environment of vagabond beggars and soldiers, wishes for material abundance flourished, as in KHM 158 The Fairy Tale of the Clever Monkey Land . The desire for a large army looks (according to Lutz Röhrich ) like the general's dream of a soldier .

Cf. The little shepherd's lucky dream in Ludwig Bechstein's German fairy tale book and The journeyman , Die Wünschdinger in New German fairy tale book .

literature

  • Grimm, brothers. Children's and Household Tales. Complete edition. With 184 illustrations by contemporary artists and an afterword by Heinz Rölleke. Pp. 308-314. Düsseldorf and Zurich, 19th edition 1999. (Artemis & Winkler Verlag; Patmos Verlag; ISBN 3-538-06943-3 )
  • Grimm, brothers. Children's and Household Tales. Last hand edition with the original notes by the Brothers Grimm. With an appendix of all fairy tales and certificates of origin, not published in all editions, published by Heinz Rölleke. Volume 3: Original Notes, Guarantees of Origin, Afterword. Pp. 102-106, 466. Revised and bibliographically supplemented edition, Stuttgart 1994. (Reclam-Verlag; ISBN 3-15-003193-1 )
  • Hans-Jörg Uther: Handbook to the children's and house fairy tales of the Brothers Grimm. de Gruyter, Berlin 2008. ISBN 978-3-11-019441-8 , pp. 133-134.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Rölleke, Heinz (ed.): Fairy tales from the estate of the Brothers Grimm. 5th, improved and supplemented edition. Trier 2001. pp. 46–50, 109. (WVT Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Trier; ISBN 3-88476-471-3 )
  2. Hans-Jörg Uther: Handbook on the children's and house tales of the Brothers Grimm. de Gruyter, Berlin 2008. ISBN 978-3-11-019441-8 , pp. 133-134.