German Socialist Party

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The German Socialist Party (DSP) was a party of radical anti-Semitic forces of the völkisch movement . The party founded at the end of 1918 in the initial phase of the Weimar Republic dissolved in 1922; numerous members converted to the NSDAP .

history

The founding of the DSP went back to the Thule Society headed by Rudolf von Sebottendorf ; Some of the members came from the German National Protection and Defense Association (DVSTB). Programmatically, the party resorted to publications by the mechanical engineer Alfred Brunner from Düsseldorf. The anti-Semite Brunner wanted to unite the workforce “on a German national basis”.

Results of the Reichstag election in 1920
Constituency be right
18th South Hanover / Braunschweig 663 0.07%
19th Westphalia North 913 0.09%
29 Francs 2,350 0.22%
32 Leipzig 2,071 0.33%
33 Chemnitz-Zwickau 1,191 0.13%
German Empire 7,188 0.03%

In Bavaria, the Munich local group was founded in May 1919 by two editors of the “Münchner Beobachter” - later renamed the Völkischer Beobachter . The Nuremberg local group, which came into being on November 24, 1919, became particularly important. Here Julius Streicher became a member and achieved a similarly dominant position within the DSP as Adolf Hitler did in the NSDAP. The Nuremberg local group had 350 members in the summer of 1920 and was thus a regional focus of the party alongside Munich. In the fall of 1920 there are said to have been 35 local groups with around 2,000 members.

At a party congress from April 23 to 25, 1920 in Hanover, the DSP was founded at the Reich level. In the Reichstag elections of June 6, 1920 , the party ran in five of 35 constituencies and remained insignificant with just over 7,000 votes.

At the DSP party congress in Leipzig in the summer of 1920 , Streicher was unable to assert himself with his position of clearly separating the DSP from the NSDAP and DVSTB. An agreement between the DSP and the NSDAP provided for the delimitation of areas of influence: The DSP was to limit itself to the area north of the Main and the Nuremberg area. In October 1920 the DSP board moved from Hanover to Berlin. In the following month Emil Holtz became party chairman. Holtz came from the local group in Berlin, which was founded in June 1920 by Arno Chwatal and Hermann Kretzschmann , among others . Despite the small number of members, "the DSP in Berlin developed into an important organization of actionist right-wing radicalism". In March 1922, the Berlin branch joined the NSDAP local branch in Munich.

An agreement between Streicher and other DSP members with NSDAP chairman Anton Drexler from the end of March 1921 provided for the merger of NSDAP, DSP and Austrian National Socialists to form the German National Socialist Party . The plan failed because of Hitler's rejection. In the summer of 1921, Streicher tried to win an ally in the "Deutsche Werkgemeinschaft" (DW, also: "Werkgemeinschaft des Abendländischen Bund") of the Augsburg student councilor Otto Dickel . The DW founded a local group in Nuremberg and was able to gain popularity, while the DSP was in decline. Streicher left the party and submitted to Hitler in October 1922. The DSP was dissolved in autumn 1922, and numerous members, including Julius Streicher , Karl Holz and Wilhelm Grimm , switched to the NSDAP.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ election result in 1920 at www.gonschior.de
  2. ^ A b Martin Schuster: The SA in the National Socialist «seizure of power» in Berlin and Brandenburg 1926–1934. (pdf, 3.8 MB) Dissertation, Technical University Berlin 2005, p. 17.