Dinantium

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The dinantian , rare even Dinant (or no longer correct Dinant level ), is in the Earth's lower regional and supra-regional subsystem (or series earlier stage) of the Carboniferous in Central and Western Europe and the equivalent of the European Lower Carboniferous . It follows the Upper Devonian series or the Devonian system and is replaced by the regional and supra- regional Silesium subsystem. The lower limit is identical to the lower limit of the Mississippian subsystem and the Carboniferous system, but the upper limit lies within the Mississippium, that is, like the European Lower Carboniferous, it cannot be equated with the Mississippium. Expressed in absolute terms, the Dinantium ranges from approximately 359.2 million years to 345.3 million years.

History and naming

The Dinantium was introduced by Albert de Lapparent in 1893 to replace the old term "terrains anthraxifères" which had previously been used for this period. It is named after the municipality of Dinant in the province of Namur in Wallonia , Belgium . In 1958 the 4th Carbon Congress in Heerlen (Netherlands) decided to adopt the term in the hierarchical rank of a subsystem for the European Lower Carboniferous. In international usage, however, the term could not establish itself. In 2004, the ratified International Union of Geological Sciences , the Mississippian and Pennsylvanian as subsystems of carbon. Since then the dinantium has only been used on a regional or supra-regional level. However, some authors advise against the further use of the term Dinantium and also Lower Carbon.

Definition and correlation

The basis of Dinantium has been somewhat controversial in the past. Some authors also included the regional level of the strunium in the dinantium . The strunium is placed today to the Oberdevon. Later the boundary was also placed at the base of the Hastière limestone, originally also the base of the regional level (or lower level) of the Hastarium . Here, too, the basal parts of the Hastière limestone turned out to be Devonian. Today it is assumed that the base of the dinantium corresponds to the lower limit of the carbon, that is, it is defined with the first appearance of the conodont species Siphonodella sulcata . The upper limit and at the same time the lower limit of Silesium is the first appearance of the ammonite species Emstites leion (Bisat, 1930) (definition of the 4th Carbon Congress, Heerlen, 1958).

Breakdown

The supra-regional subsystem Dinantium is in turn subdivided differently into series, levels and sub-levels, with the hierarchical ranks often even changing. In Germany, on the proposal of the German Sub-Commission for Carbon Stratigraphy, it was decided to adopt the global levels Tournaisium and Viséum as regional levels. The regional levels (or lower levels) are also rarer.

still used, which go back to a suggestion by Hermann Schmidt from 1925. With the takeover of Tournaisium and Viséum as regional levels, the levels (or lower levels) used in Belgium and England can be used as lower levels.

In Belgium the dinantium was originally divided into five levels (from top to bottom).

In England, the Dinantium is divided into the following levels:

The Dinantium in Central Europe

In Central Europe, the Dinantium is mainly characterized by calcareous and sandy-clay deposits ("coal limestone" and "Kulm" facies). Turbidites were deposited in many places in the higher Dinantium.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Georg Herbig: The international Mississippium-Pennsylvanian border - development of the concept, definition and application in Germany. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 254: 3-12, Frankfurt / M. ISSN  0341-4116

literature

  • Eric Groessens: Dinantian . Geologica Belgica, 9 / 1-2: 157-162, Brussels 2006 PDF
  • Hans-Georg Herbig: The international Mississippium-Pennsylvania border - development of the concept, definition and application in Germany. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, 254: 3-12, Frankfurt / M. ISSN  0341-4116
  • Dieter Stoppel and Michael RW Amler: On the delimitation and subdivision of the lower carbon. In: Stratigraphie von Deutschland VI Unterkarbon (Mississippium), series of publications by the German Society for Geosciences, 41: 15-26, Hannover 2006 ISBN 3-932537-37-8 .

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