DniproHES
| DniproHES (Zaporizhia reservoir Dneprostroi or Dnieper reservoir) |
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| Coordinates | 47 ° 52 ′ 0 ″ N , 35 ° 6 ′ 0 ″ E | ||||||||
| Data on the structure | |||||||||
| Construction time: | 1927-1932 | ||||||||
| Height above valley floor: | 43 m (?) | ||||||||
| Height above foundation level : | 57 m (?) | ||||||||
| Crown length: | 762 m (3 km?) | ||||||||
| Power plant output: | 1569 MW | ||||||||
| Data on the reservoir | |||||||||
| Water surface | 410 km² | ||||||||
| Reservoir width | Max. 3.5 km | ||||||||
| Storage space | 1100 million m³ | ||||||||
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The Dnieper Hydroelectric Station Reservoir ( Ukrainian Дніпровська Г ідро Е лектро С танція / Dniprowska H idro E lektro S tanzija , Russian ДнепроГЭС , DneproGES) is located in the Ukraine at the Dnieper River near the city of Zaporizhia . The then third largest hydropower plant in the world after Hoover Dam and Wilson Dam was built in the Soviet Union from 1927 to 1932 and inaugurated on May 1, 1932. General Electric supplied the generators and Newport News supplied the turbines to the hydropower plant. The dam is a 57 m (other information: 43 or 60 m) high and 762 m long curved concrete gravity dam . The reservoir , which is called the Zaporizhia reservoir, has a storage capacity of 1100 (other information: 3000) million cubic meters.
The dam is located near the island of Khortytsia . In the past, this place was known for its rapids and shallows, from which the name Zaporizhia ("behind the rapids") is derived. Today there is a 300 m long ship lock here. The Dnepr is over a length of more than 65 kilometers from Saporischschja until after Dnipro dammed. The rapids were only made navigable in this way, so that since then even ocean-going ships have been able to sail from the Black Sea to Dnipro.
War destruction
On September 18, 1941, while retreating from the German troops, Soviet soldiers blew up a 200 m long breach in the wall with dynamite . Up to 35,000 m³ / s of water flowed through the breach and the reservoir ran empty. The amount of damage caused by the tidal wave is not known. Between 20,000 and 100,000 civilians were killed.
The Germans rebuilt the dam by the end of 1942. In October 1943 they had to withdraw and for their part bombed the dam from the air, so that it was destroyed again. In the years 1944 to 1950 it was rebuilt as "Dnipro-GES 2" and is still in operation today.
At the power station there is a memorial to a soldier who sacrificed himself to try to prevent the dam wall from being destroyed.
See also
Web links
- NW-IALAD: a picture of the DniproHES dam ( Memento from October 22, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- Wilhelm Sproge: DniproHES: the construction of the largest hydropower plant in Europe on the Dnepr
- RWTH Aachen - Damage to Europ. Dams ( Memento from August 4, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- Zaporozhye ( Memento from July 9, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- DniproHES, photographs by Georges Dedoyard, 1932 , Canadian Center for Architecture
Individual evidence
Kiev |
Kaniw |
Kremenchuk |
Kamyansk |
Zaporizhia |
Kachowka