Dogma 95

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Dogma 95 ( Danish Dogme 95 ) is a manifesto signed by the Danish film directors Lars von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg on March 13, 1995 for their production of films. In addition, were Kristian Levring and Søren Kragh-Jacobsen part of the collective.

history

Before the Dogma 95 there were earlier actions to renew the film, namely in the 1950s the Nouvelle Vague from France and the Oberhausen Manifesto , which was published in 1962.

Dogma 95 was unveiled on March 20, 1995, to great media attention, at a conference in the Odeon Theater in Paris on the occasion of the film's 100th birthday. In 1998, presented Thomas Vinterberg and Lars von Trier with the hard and idiots on the film festival in Cannes, the first after the Dogma 95 films created.

On March 20, 2005 - ten years after the presentation in Paris - the four directors who played a key role decided to partially drop the idea. Every producer is free to decide whether his film meets the Dogma 95 criteria published on the Internet.

In 2008, the movement around von Trier, Vinterberg, Levring and Kragh-Jacobsen was honored with the European Film Prize in the category Best European Performance in World Cinema .

conditions

Manifest Dogma 95 is aimed in particular against the increasing alienation of reality in the cinema and banishes effects and technical refinements, illusions and dramaturgical predictability. Dogma  95 also sees itself as a counter-movement to the Auteur theory , which - according to the Dogma initiators - originally (at the beginning of the 1960s) opposed the same grievances, but ultimately remained stuck within the system and therefore failed. Paul Hauser worked on this genre.

The rules to be followed, which were presented as "Vow of Chastity", require the following:

  1. Only original locations come into question as filming locations, props may not be brought in.
  2. Music can appear in the film (for example as a band game), but it must not be played back afterwards.
  3. Only handheld cameras may be used for recording .
  4. The shot is in color, artificial lighting is not acceptable.
  5. Special effects and filters are prohibited.
  6. The film must not show gun violence or murders.
  7. Temporal or local alienation is prohibited - d. H. the film takes place here and now (i.e. not in the Middle Ages or in a distant future or in a country other than the country of production, on a foreign planet, in a foreign dimension, etc.).
  8. It must not be a genre film .
  9. The film format must be Academy 35 mm .
  10. The director may not be mentioned in the opening or closing credits .

Most dogma films, however, violate one or more rules, which is then often ironically remorseful mentioned in the credits.

Important dogma films

Depending on how they are counted, there are 35 to over 100 dogma films. Some examples are:

Surname year country Director
The feast ( feasts ) 1998 Denmark Thomas Vinterberg
Jerks ( Idioterne ) 1998 Denmark Lars from Trier
Mifune - Dogma III ( Mifunes sidste sang ) 1999 Denmark Søren Kragh-Jacobsen
The King Is Alive 2000 Denmark Kristian Levring
Italian for beginners (Italiensk for begyndere) 2000 Denmark Lone Scherfig
Reunion 2001 United States Leif Tilden
Forever and ever ( Elsker Dig For Evigt ) 2002 Denmark Susanne beer

Dogma 20_13

As a further development for the theater and as a simultaneous distancing from Dogma 95, the “Dortmund Manifesto” DOGMA 20 13 was published in 2013 by the Dortmunder Schauspielhaus .

literature

  • Jana Hallberg, Alexander Wewerka: Dogma 95. Between control and chaos. Alexander Verlag, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-89581-047-9 .
  • Matthias N. Lorenz (Ed.): DOGMA 95 in context. Cultural studies contributions to the attempts to authenticate in Danish film of the 1990s. Universitätsverlag, Wiesbaden 2003, ISBN 3-8244-4518-2 .
  • Jerome P. Schaefer: To Edgy Realism. Film Theoretical Encounters with Dogma 95, New French Extremity, and the Shaky-Cam Horror Film . Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne 2015.
  • Andreas Sudmann: Dogma 95. The turning away from the compulsion of the possible. Offizin, Hannover 2001.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.kosmorama.org/Artikler/~/link.aspx?_id=7EEEE711676343E08B8C7DD41EC3EB98&_z=z. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017 ; accessed on February 2, 2017 .
  2. ↑ Lifetime Achievement: European Film Prize for Judi Dench. In: fr-online.de . September 10, 2008, accessed December 19, 2014 .
  3. ^ Dogma 95 Manifesto ( Memento of November 14, 2009 in the Internet Archive )