Donald Nice

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Donald Nice

Donald Alan Schön ( September 19, 1930 in Boston - September 13, 1997 ) was an American philosopher and professor of urban planning at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology . He developed the concept of "Reflective Practice".

Life

Donald Schön was born in Boston and grew up in Brookline and Worcester . After receiving his bachelor's degree from Yale University , he completed a master's and doctorate degree at Harvard University . His doctoral thesis dealt with John Dewey's theory of research. He also studied music (piano and clarinet) at the Sorbonne in Paris.

From 1957 to 1963 he worked for the management consultancy Arthur D. Little . From 1968 Schön worked as a professor at MIT .

Reflective Practice

In his book The Reflective Practitioner , Schön developed the concept of “reflection-in-action” as a learning and working method in which theories are developed in relation to the situation and explored through the action itself. This concept was taken up by various disciplines and discussed there in a subject-specific manner, including design science , nursing science and action research .

Action is nicely divided into three types: Knowing in Action, Reflection in Action and Reflection on Action.

Schematic representation of the action type Reflection in Action

A schematic representation of the reflection in action can be found in the figure (based on Gücker, 2018).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Donald Already at infed.org Retrieved July 2007
  2. ^ Raphaël Fischler: Reflective Practice . In: Bishwapriya Sanyal, Lawrence Vale, Christina D. Rosan (Eds.): Planning Ideas That Matter: Livability, Territoriality, Governance, and Reflective Practice . MIT Press, Cambridge, MA 2012, ISBN 978-0-262-01760-2 .
  3. ↑ a b c Prof. Donald Schon of DUSP dies at 66 . In: MIT News . ( news.mit.edu [accessed June 10, 2017]).
  4. ↑ Schön, Donald A .: The reflective practitioner: how professionals think in action . Basic Books, 1983, ISBN 0-465-06878-2 , pp. 68 .
  5. ^ Leonard J. Waks: Donald Schon's Philosophy of Design and Design Education . In: International Journal of Technology and Design Education . tape 11 , no. 1 , January 1, 2001, ISSN  0957-7572 , p. 37-51 , doi : 10.1023 / a: 1011251801044 .
  6. ↑ Elizabeth Anne Kinsella: Technical rationality in Schön's reflective practice: dichotomous or non-dualistic epistemological position . In: Nursing Philosophy . tape 8 , no. 2 , April 1, 2007, ISSN  1466-769X , p. 102-113 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1466-769x.2007.00304.x .
  7. ^ Judith M. Newman: Action Research: A Brief Overview . In: Forum Qualitative Social Research / Forum: Qualitative Social Research . tape 1 , no. 1 , January 31, 2000, ISSN  1438-5627 , urn : nbn: de: 0114-fqs0001173 (English, qualitative-research.net ).
  8. ↑ Robert Gücker: The figure of thought of the reflective practitioner . Dr. Kovac, Hamburg 2018, ISBN 978-3-8300-9721-1 .
personal data
SURNAME Well, Donald
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Nice Donald Alan (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American philosopher and professor of urban planning at MIT
DATE OF BIRTH September 19, 1930
PLACE OF BIRTH Boston
DATE OF DEATH September 13, 1997