Nursing science

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Nursing science deals with questions of health care , sick care , children's care , elderly care and curative care . It draws on findings from medicine , health science , sociology , psychology , biology , philosophy , theology and history .

history

Nursing science has its roots in the United States: the first course there is dated to 1907 . After the end of the Second World War, the study Nurses for the future, supported by the Russell Sage Foundation and published by Esther Lucille Brown, provided new impulses by reporting on the inadequate nursing care in the USA and expressly referring the training the universities demanded. Accordingly, courses in nursing education and nursing management were initially created . At a distinctly different time, courses in nursing science were created, research institutes and corresponding specialist journals emerged. In 1952, Hildegard Peplau opened the scientific discourse on care theories and care models .

Starting from the USA, the academization movement reached Europe at different speeds: In Heidelberg, talks began in 1946 about the establishment of a nursing course at Heidelberg University . In 1953, this led to the founding of the Heidelberg University's sister school . The desire for an academic education failed, however, not least because of the resistance of the sister organizations. In the GDR, the first nursing-related courses of study existed at the Humboldt University in Berlin and in Halle / Wittenberg as early as the 1960s, albeit with a stronger pedagogical-didactic or medical-scientific character. In Great Britain and the Scandinavian countries, too, the development of nursing courses began relatively early.

From the second half of the 1980s, care-related originated in the Federal Republic of Germany courses, sometimes in conjunction with other departments - such as the occupation of the Chair "Care and Social Sciences" at the University of Applied Sciences Osnabrück by Ruth Schrock in 1987. In the absence of In other ways, it was common at the time for the lecturers to hold a nursing degree from the USA or Great Britain or to come from other scientific disciplines (e.g. sociology, psychology, education). This situation has not changed much today - despite a wide variety of degrees and doctoral degrees.

During the same period, institutions outside of technical colleges and universities were set up to promote nursing science and research. Just mention the Agnes Karll Institute for Nursing Research of the DBfK, which emerged from a foundation . In 1991 the institute was able to complete one of the first research projects in the core area of ​​nursing: The nursing process using the example of apoplexy patients - a study on the recording and development of holistic rehabilitative process nursing , which was funded and under the direction of the Federal Ministry of Health over a period of three years was carried out by Monika Krohwinkel .

In 1988, the magazine “ Pflege” from Huber Verlag (Bern) was the first German-language scientific periodical for nursing to appear.

In October 1997, Marianne Arndt , who had completed her training as a teaching nurse at the nursing school of the University of Heidelberg , was awarded the license to teach nursing science with a focus on nursing ethics by the Charité medical faculty of the Humboldt University in Berlin. This was the first female nursing scientist to receive his habilitation at a German university. On October 27, 1999, the Medical Faculty Charité of the Humboldt University in Berlin awarded the academic degree of Doctor of Nursing Science ( Doctor rerum curae , Dr. rer. Cur.) For the first time in German-speaking countries .

Academic degrees

Nursing science follows the Bologna model of academic training with graduation as a Bachelor and Master . Further qualifications are awarded with the academic degree of Doctor rerum curae (Dr. rer. Cur.), Doctor rerum medicinalium (Dr. rer. Medic.) And Doctor scientiarum humanarum (Dr. sc. Hum.). The further development of the Bologna Directive in the context of European unification will have to decide on the future of habilitations in nursing science . Since many nursing scientists in Germany begin their academic careers with nursing training and thus invest their lives in acquiring nursing-relevant knowledge, the discussions about compliance with or modification of the Bologna guidelines should be of considerable interest.

Nursing research institutes in German-speaking countries

Nursing journals

  • Care - the scientific journal for nursing professions
  • Journal of Nursing Science
  • Care & Society
  • QuPuG - Journal for Qualitative Research in Nursing and Health Science
  • Clinical nursing research

See also

Portal: Care  - Overview of Wikipedia content on care

Literature (selection)

  • Reimer Gronemeyer , Charlotte Jurk (Ed.): Let's deprofessionalize! A critical dictionary on the language in care and social work . transcript, Bielefeld 2017, ISBN 978-3-8394-3554-0 .
  • V. Hielscher / L. Nock / S. Kirchen-Peters: Use of technology in elderly care. Potentials and problems from an empirical perspective . Nomos / edition sigma, 2015.
  • Hermann Brandenburg, Stephan Dorschner (Hrsg.): Nursing science 1. Text and workbook for the introduction to nursing science. Huber, Bern 2001, ISBN 3-456-84161-2
  • Nancy Burns, Susan K. Grove: Understanding and Applying Nursing Research. Elsevier, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-437-25996-2
  • Geri Lobiondo-Wood, Judith Haber: Nursing research. Methods, evaluation, application. Elsevier, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-437-25936-9
  • Nursing Science in Practice: A Critical Reflection. [paperback], ed. by Silvia Käppeli, Huber, Bern 2011

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Article in Nurseweek ( Memento from May 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  2. ↑ a b Silvia Käppeli: Determination of the position of nursing science and nursing research in the German-speaking area, taking international developments into account. In: Society for the Promotion of Nursing Science NRW e. V. (Hrsg.): The importance of nursing science for the professionalization of nursing. Documentation of a symposium ( Memento from October 8, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Bielefeld 1996, ISSN  1435-408X
  3. ↑ Rheinischer Merkur: Akzente: Ethics in nursing: Marianne Arndt - a German who is doing her habilitation in nursing science at a German university , No. 47, November 21, 1997; similar information in relevant German care magazines such as "Die Sister / der Pfleger" etc.
  4. ^ Daniela Wittmann: BA Nurse: a system for Germany?!, A historical-critical consideration and its new perspectives , admission work University of Heidelberg 2015. Daniela Wittmann
  5. ↑ Doctoral Regulations Dr. sc. hum. University of Heidelberg
  6. ↑ Clinical Nursing Research. Retrieved June 28, 2017 .