Hildegard Peplau

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Hildegard Elisabeth Peplau (born September 1, 1909 in Reading , Pennsylvania , † March 17, 1999 in Sherman Oaks , California ) was an American nurse , nursing theorist and professor . She developed the theory of interpersonal relationship on which the nursing model of psychodynamic nursing is based. Her work is considered the first nursing theory after Florence Nightingale's Notes on Nursing , published in 1859, and had a significant influence on the development of nursing research , nursing education , nursing culture and nursing self-image.

Career

Peplau graduated as a nurse in 1931 and headed the health service at Bennington College in Vermont from 1936 . During this time, she began studying interpersonal psychology, which she graduated with a BA in 1943 . She joined the US Army Nurse Corps as a first lieutenant during World War II and was employed in neurology and psychiatry . After 1945 she continued her studies and graduated with an MA in psychiatric nursing . Most of their practical experience in nursing comes from this area and the corresponding institutions. In 1953 Peplau received his doctorate in curriculum development . In 1954 she was appointed lecturer at Rutgers University , she completed her habilitation in 1960. In 1969 she became executive director of the American Nurses Association (ANA), took over the presidency of the association from 1970 to 1972, from 1972 to 1974 she served ANA as Vice President. In addition to teaching, she was a member of the World Health Organization's Expert Council and a nursing advisor to the US Air Force , the United States Public Health Service, and the National Institute of Mental Health .

In Germany it was the nursing school of the University of Heidelberg that was one of the first university institutions to integrate Hildegard Peplaus' nursing theory into its curriculum. In the 1990s, Hildegard Peplau was in correspondence with the Frankfurt nursing scientist Hilde Steppe .

Peplau died on March 17, 1999 in Sherman Oaks , California .

Nursing theory of interpersonal relationship

Hildegard Peplau was significantly influenced by the work of the American doctor Harry Stack Sullivan . She reformulated Sullivan's ideas for nursing, applied these ideas to nursing phenomena, and placed them in Sullivan's framework of interpersonal relationships. In the context of these interpersonal relationships, according to Peplau, the occurring phenomena, i.e. the life difficulties of the patient, should be interpreted and analyzed by the nurse with the intention of finding appropriate solutions.

Publications (excerpt)

  • Interpersonal Relations in Nursing: A Conceptual Frame of Reference for Psychodynamic Nursing , Putnam, 1952
  • Basic principles of patient counseling: extracts from two clinical nursing workshops in psychiatric hospitals , Smith Kline & French Laboratories, 1965
  • Psychiatric Nursing (with Peggy Martin), Scutari, 1995, ISBN 1-873853-23-8

literature

  • Hilde Steppe : Care models in practice - Hildegard Peplaus psychodynamic nursing , in: Die Sister / Der Pfleger , 09 (1990), p. 769.
  • Barbara J. Callaway: Hildegard Peplau: Psychiatric Nurse of the Century , Springer Publishing Company, 2002, ISBN 0-8261-3882-9
  • Ann Marriner-Tomey, Martha Raile Alligood: Nursing theorists and their work , Chapter Nursing Theorists of Historical Significance, Elsevier Health Sciences, 2006, ISBN 0-323-03010-6 , page 55
  • Horst-Peter Wolff: Peplau, Hildegard In: Horst-Peter Wolff (Hrsg.): Lexicon for care history. “Who was who in nursing history.” Urban & Fischer, 2001, ISBN 3-437-26670-5 , pp. 172–173
  • Samuel Jeremiah Schmidbauer: Induction concept for an intensive care unit based on the nursing theory of Hildegard Peplau (Hospital Northwest Frankfurt am Main). Bachelor thesis Carl Remigius Medical School Frankfurt am Main, 2019.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ estate Hilde Steppe , documentation center Hilde Steppe , Library Fachhochschule Frankfurt a. M .: Correspondence Hildegard Peplau and Hilde Steppe , Sign. O160 + 0161, estate edited by Walburga Haas, 2000–2001, Ffm.
  2. ↑ Karin Wittneben and Maria Mischo-Kelling: Pflegebildung und Pflegetheorien , Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich, Vienna, Baltimore, 1st edition 1995, with a foreword by Hildegard Peplau, pp. 180 + 181.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Peplau, Hildegard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Peplau, Hildegard Elisabeth (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American nursing theorist
DATE OF BIRTH September 1, 1909
PLACE OF BIRTH Reading (Berks County, Pennsylvania)
DATE OF DEATH March 17, 1999
Place of death Sherman Oaks , California