Nursing research

The nursing research is a branch of nursing science and is used to increase knowledge within the professional health and hospitals , old people's homes and the educational method care . It examines existing nursing systems, models and theories as well as nursing regulatory processes, and nursing research refutes or confirms the efficiency , applicability and care quality of the examined object. In addition to generating knowledge, nursing research also provides the statistical and systematic basis for evaluating and assessing nursing systems , nursing models and nursing theories . The aim of the research is to gain a deeper understanding of the interaction between caregivers and those in need of care and their relatives, as well as the influences of environmental nursing factors. Nursing research is intended to increase nursing transparency, ensure evidence-based nursing practice and serve to implement new findings in practice and theory.

History of nursing research

see also history of nursing science

The history of nursing research begins in the middle of the 19th century with the first statistical recording of health and nursing data by Florence Nightingale . As early as 1900, the first nursing science courses were established in the United States of America and the United Kingdom . In Germany, the history of scientific nursing research does not begin until 1963 with the establishment of the Institute for Medical Education at the Humboldt University in Berlin. With the publication of the scientific nursing journal “Pflege”, awareness of the need for scientifically based nursing is brought into focus within nursing. In 1990, the first nursing courses were launched at technical colleges and universities. Nevertheless, there was no significant nursing research in Germany until the second half of the 1990s, the few studies mainly concerned with nursing itself. Germany was neither involved in international scientific nursing congresses, nor was there any significant national exchange on nursing research.

From the year 2000, nursing research associations were increasingly founded in Germany, and nursing research was recognized as a research focus by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research in 2001 . With 50 to 60 doctorates per year, nursing science lags far behind international standards. The legal basis of quality assurance and care advice according to the Eleventh Book of the Social Code open up new scientific fields of activity for care researchers and scientists in practice.

Relationship between nursing science and nursing research

Nursing science develops nursing theories and models that are examined within nursing research. In relation to nursing science, the task of nursing research is to generate knowledge and to confirm the theories developed on the basis of statistical and systematic evaluation criteria; a close connection between practice and research is a basic requirement for this. The results of this research then flow into nursing practice and nursing science.

Research methods

Nursing research uses two basic methods:

• Quantitative Research : This research is based on the measurable outcomes that describe the quality of care for those in need of care. Statistical methods are used, in particular the randomized, controlled study is used in quantitative nursing research.
• Qualitative research : This research method is based on ethnography , grounded theory , action research and phenomenology and is used to examine the experiences of people in need of care and carers. The research here focuses on the importance of the examined object for the individual. Surveys , case studies , focus groups and ethnographic methods are mainly used.

Nursing research fields

According to Bartholomeyczik, the fields of nursing research include the effects of health impairments and their significance, as well as the question of options for help and support, the promotion of health and a "successful life". Other areas of research include the concepts for coping with age-related nursing problems and for coping with the dependencies on technology and pharmacology . In addition, there is resource-oriented care in the case of chronicity , the development of preventive potential and the development of rehabilitative and outpatient care models.

Within nursing research, there is a need for research in the areas of deficit and health-promoting nursing practice, in the research and further development of suitable indicators, instruments and methods for measuring the quality of care, as well as the integration of cost efficiency and quality assurance into everyday nursing. Future tasks of nursing research will also include the university expansion of nursing science, clinical nursing research and health services research. A stronger cooperation between science and practice as well as the profiling of nursing, nursing science and nursing research as a health policy factor is also a focus of nursing research.

Nursing research institutes

• German Institute for Applied Nursing Research e.V. , Cologne
• Institute for Applied Nursing Research, University of Bremen
• Institute for Nursing Science, University of Basel
• Institute for Nursing Science, University of Witten / Herdecke
• Institute for Nursing and Health Science, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
• Institute for Medical / Nursing Education and Nursing Science, Charité University Medicine Berlin
• Institute for Nursing Science, Tyrolean Private University UMIT , Hall in Tirol
• Institute for Nursing Science, University of Vienna
• Bielefeld University, Faculty of Health Sciences
• University of Osnabrück , Department of Nursing Science
• Center for Nursing Research and Advice (ZePB), Bremen
• Institute for Nursing Science, Medical University of Graz

literature

• V. Hielscher / L. Nock / S. Kirchen-Peters: Use of technology in elderly care. Potentials and problems from an empirical perspective . Nomos / edition sigma, 2015.
• Sabine Bartholomeyczik , Monika Linhart, Hanna Mayer, Herbert Mayer: Lexicon of nursing research: terms from research and theory. Elsevier, 2008, ISBN 3437260820
• Nancy Burns, Susan K. Grove: Understanding and Applying Nursing Research. Elsevier, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-437-25996-2
• Geri Lobiondo-Wood, Judith Haber: Nursing research. Methods, evaluation, application. Elsevier, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-437-25936-9
• Hanna Mayer: Topic Care Research 2006. Facultas, Vienna 2006, ISBN 3-85076-756-6
• Eva-Maria Panfil (Ed.): Focus: Clinical nursing research: Examples of quantitative studies. Schlütersche, 2004, ISBN 3899931165
• Silvia Käppeli: Determination of the position of nursing science and nursing research in the German-speaking area, taking international developments into account. In: Society for the promotion of nursing science NRW eV (Hrsg.): The importance of nursing science for the professionalization of nursing. Bielefeld 1996, ISSN  1435-408X

Broadcast reports

• Andreas Beckmann : Robots in care - dance with mechanical engineering , Deutschlandfunk - “ Science in focus ” from June 10, 2018

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Federal Ministry of Education and Research: BMBF sets up funding priority for nursing research. dated June 8, 2001  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )
2. ↑ University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein: "Ute Gaidys: Nursing Research" from August 15, 2006  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )