Revolving door effect

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Bronze sculpture Man in Revolving Door by Waldemar Otto 1986

The term revolving door effect describes as a metaphor the rapid change between two states (“in / out”). It has negative connotations and typically depicts a change that returns to its original state after a short time and accordingly denounces the uselessness or reprehensibility of this change.

Examples

Addiction disorders

Alcoholics “... they are considered a difficult group in addiction care. Although they are often at the bottom, they only rarely endure consistent abstinence treatment. They register in the hospital for so-called withdrawal, relapse, try again, relapse again, re-register for withdrawal, and so on. The experts call this the “revolving door effect”. The detoxification stations and inpatient therapy facilities that continue the treatment of addicts after physical withdrawal are full of such relapse patients. "

Working life / temporary work

For many authorities and people, temporary work represents a short-term “door” from unemployment to paid employment. However, since job security in temporary employment agencies is low and temporary workers are the first to be laid off in the economic downturn , critics refer to temporary work as a revolving door from unemployment in jobs and back again. In the broader context, the change of former permanent employees to temporary employment, e.g. B. in group-internal temporary employment agencies, on poorer terms and the subsequent permanent loan also referred to as the revolving door effect.

Health care: "Reduced length of stay"

In the hospital sector , the term is a synonym for the criticism of measures to reduce the length of stay . It is argued that due to early discharges there is a risk that the state of health of the (not fully healed) patient could quickly deteriorate to such an extent that the patient would have to be admitted to the hospital again after a short time: the patient would leave the hospital as if through a revolving door and return after a short time.

Bankruptcy proceedings

In German insolvency law , the revolving door effect is also used when the (private) debtor z. In some cases, debts were produced again while the bankruptcy proceedings were ongoing.

Politics economy

The term is used here to critically describe changes between politics and business , which can also take place several times and, in the case of lobbying, can be used and / or brought about in a targeted manner. In this case, the image is less aimed at changing back and forth than at the property of revolving doors to connect two different areas in a circular or “rotating” manner. This can also be done quickly, as a "on-the-fly" change . Conflicts of interest are criticized in particular when there is a rapid or repeated change between politics / ministries and business, on the one hand, but also targeted abuse or the specific aim of influencing legislation is described in the context of lobbying . This is done through

  • Use of acquired, sometimes purposefully brought about, also friendly contacts
  • Securing insider knowledge
  • Incentives in the form of the prospect of attractive jobs in management positions in companies,
  • Labor and time savings in the form of prefabricated, legally checked, legal drafts.

To prevent misuse, calling criticism has long been the legal introduction of a so-called grace period as a buffer or "cooling off period" between the activities of both areas: On the one hand, ideally (democratic) majority intentions following legislative (legislative) with the separated therefrom judiciary and executive ( Law enforcing or enforcing state organs with a monopoly of force ), which is also bound by constitutional law and obliged to the general public (the people). On the other hand, a profit-oriented, so-called “free” economy, which is only obliged to an exclusive part of society (in the example of the stock corporation, its shareholders ) and is not bound by any ethical principles, or at most voluntarily imposed . The social obligation of property in accordance with Article 14, Paragraph 2 of the Basic Law ("Property obliges. Its use should also serve the common good."), Contrary to legal theory , is of subordinate importance in legal practice.

In the political / economic field, the German term comes from the English "revolving door effect", or "revolving door" for short, which is a frequent and typical phenomenon of lobbyism, sometimes "flying" and, through repeated changes, literally "turning" sides between politics and ministries on the other hand, describes the economy, in that representatives of the same “move to the other side of the negotiating table”. In French, “ pantouflage ” is used for a similar phrase (German roughly “to put on large slippers”), in Japanese the term “ amakudari ”.

Rehabilitation of offenders

In the opinion of critics, inadequate rehabilitation measures lead to high recidivism rates and prisoners being sentenced to prison again shortly after their release from prison : The prison door is pictorially turned into a revolving door that immediately leads back to prison.

Homeless assistance

A comparable phenomenon is described in assistance to the homeless . Integration and especially aftercare are often so unsustainable that homelessness occurs again.

Web links

  • corporateeurope.org: RevolvingDoorWatch ("a database of commissioners, MEPs and officials who have gone through the revolving door into lobby or industry jobs. Lobbyists who have taken jobs with the EU institutions are also featured." dt. "a database of commissioners, Members of the European Parliament and officials who have gone through the revolving door on lobbying or industrial jobs. Lobbyists who have dealt with the EU institutions are also present. ")

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ dry runs. New ways out of alcohol addiction (PDF; 91.05 kB), to the broadcast of SWR2 Wissen on April 23, 2009.
  2. ↑ cf. Gerhard Krug: Paradoxical Consequences of Financial Incentives to Take Up Employment for Stability in Employment. An action theory analysis according to Boudon. In: Cologne Journal for Sociology and Social Psychology , 2010, p. 194 f.
  3. ↑ cf. Bettina Daser: Human or cost factor? About the durability of psychological contracts in the outsourcing process. 1st edition, VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften , Wiesbaden 2009, ISBN 978-3-531-16543-1 , p. 119 f.
  4. ↑ Volker Teigelkötter: Guest comment: From straw men and revolving doors. In: Der Betrieb , issue 07/2010, p. M01.
  5. ^ Leif H. Hansen / Regina Ragnit: New rules for temporary work. In: Arbeit und Arbeitsrecht , Issue 1/2011, pp. 8–12.
  6. ↑ cf. Jörg-Dietrich Hoppe: Health policy: care instead of cold business management. In: Deutsches Ärzteblatt 3/1999, p. A-79.
  7. ↑ cf. K. Singler / M. Christ / C. Sieber / M. Gosch / H. J. Heppner: Geriatric patients in emergency rooms and intensive care medicine. In: Der Internist , 2011, p. 935.
  8. ^ Ulrich Schmerbach: 1st German personal bankruptcy day in Munich. In: VIA 2010, 89, 90.
  9. ↑ Ulrich Schmerbach: Guidelines for a reform of the insolvency proceedings of natural persons. In: NZI 2011, 131, 133.
  10. ↑ Jordi Blanes i Vidal, Mirko Draca, Christian Fons-Rosen: Revolving Door Lobbyists . In: American Economic Review . tape 102 , no. 7 , December 2012, ISSN  0002-8282 , p. 3731–3748 , doi : 10.1257 / aer.102.7.3731 ( aeaweb.org [accessed September 15, 2018]).
  11. ↑ cf. Widmaier / Weider: Munich Lawyers Manual for Criminal Defense. 1st edition 2006, § 45, Rn. 63.