EN ISO 13833

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Logo of the German Institute for Standardization DIN EN ISO 13833
Area Stationary source emissions
title Determination of the ratio of carbon dioxide from biomass (biogenic) and from fossil sources
Brief description: Method for determining the proportion of biogenic CO 2 in the CO 2 in the exhaust gas of stationary incineration plants based on the 14 C content of exhaust gas samples
Latest edition 2013
ISO 13833

The EN ISO 13833 is an ISO standard and Euro standard , the method for determining the proportion of biogenic carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to the total content of carbon dioxide in an emission current standardized.

The standard was drawn up by the technical committees of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) in the field of air quality and published as an international standard in July 2013. It lays down details for the procedure for sampling and measuring the biogenic CO 2 in the exhaust gas from stationary emission sources based on the determination of the radiocarbon content (carbon isotope 14 C). The aim of the standard is to create a basis for reliable data on biogenic CO 2 emissions. These data are required both in emissions trading and for greenhouse gas inventories.

The standard differentiates between CO 2 from fossil sources and biogenic CO 2 . Fossil sources are for example coal, oil or natural gas . Burning coal produces 100% fossil CO 2 . Biogenic in the sense of the standard are substances that have been created by living organisms in natural processes and are neither fossilized nor originate from fossil resources. Biogenic CO 2 is created when biomass is burned , for example biogas , wood or straw. If, for example, waste wood is burned, 95–100% biogenic CO 2 and 0–5% fossil CO 2 are produced , which comes from paint residues, dyes or impregnations. Fuel mixtures can contain variable levels of biogenic and fossil CO 2 .

The biogenic fraction of CO 2 in the combustion gases can basically be determined by weighing the input materials and multiplying them by an emission factor or by means of the so-called biogenic CO 2 measurement , which is the subject of ISO 13833. In this process, a representative gas sample is taken from the exhaust gas flow, the CO 2 is enriched in a cartridge and the cartridge is analyzed for 14 content in a radiocarbon laboratory after the sampling has been completed (→ radiocarbon method ). The standard describes three alternative methods for determining the 14 C content in the sample: accelerator mass spectrometry , liquid scintillation counting methods and beta ionization measurement (measurement of the beta radiation generated when the 14 C decays with a gas proportional counter). The procedures differ in their accuracy.

The result of the analysis is the ratio of 14 C in the sample to the 14 C in a standardized reference material, the carbon of which is completely biogenic. The ratio is given in percentage modern carbon (pmC, percent modern carbon). The distinction between biogenic and fossil CO 2 according to EN ISO 13833 is based on the absence of the carbon isotope 14 C in fossil fuels (pmC value 0), while carbon from renewable fuels (wood, reeds, grain, etc.) has a pmC value of 105 having. An inaccuracy of the method is due to the fact that the 14 C content of biomass is subject to fluctuations depending on the place and time of growth.

The biogenic CO 2 measurement is suitable for a biogenic share of the total CO 2 of 2–100%. The standard specifies strategies for hourly to monthly sampling. Biogenic CO 2 measurement is interesting for industrial plants that burn a wide variety of fuels, some biogenic, some fossil, in order to obtain an exact measurement value for the annual emissions of fossil CO 2 in tons / year. By measuring over the entire year, a total value is determined that is used for emissions declarations. Biomass is considered to be CO 2 -neutral because when it is burned no more CO 2 is emitted than it was absorbed from the atmosphere when it grew. For emissions from biomass, plant operators do not have to surrender any emission certificates in the EU emissions trading system. In national inventory reports according to the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ( IPCC) , CO 2 emissions from the stationary combustion of biomass are specifically identified.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Umweltbundesamt (Ed.): Evaluation and reduction of climate-relevant gases from waste incineration plants - final report (=  UBA texts . No. 102-2018 ). December 2018, 4 Measurement of biogenic carbon dioxide content in exhaust gas ( Umweltbundesamt.de [PDF; 5.2 MB ]).
  2. ↑ a b DIN EN ISO 13833: 2013: Introduction.
  3. ↑ a b c DIN EN ISO 13833: 2013: Terms and definitions.
  4. ↑ DIN EN ISO 13833: 2013: Scope. (Note: The UBA text 102-2018 deviates - probably erroneously - a minimum share of 20%.)
  5. ↑ European Commission, Directorate-General for Climate Policy (ed.): Guidance Document - Biomass issues in the EU ETS (=  MRR Guidance document . No. 3 ). November 27, 2017 ( europa.eu [PDF; 1000 kB ]).
  6. ↑ Darío R. Gómez, John D. Watterson: 2 Stationary Combustion . In: 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories . 2.3.3.4 Treatment of Biomass ( iges.or.jp ).