Écarté
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Écarté or Ekartee (from French écarter "to put away"), also known as the game of cavaliers , is an originally French card game for two people.
The Écarte-Jouette or Jouette game [sic] was banned as a game of chance in 1933. By making minor changes to the rules, an attempt was made to circumvent the classification as a game of chance, and so the Écarté variants named Casino (not to be confused with Casino , see there), Ramso and Bara (short for Bavarian Rams ) were created. In these varieties, Écarté remained widespread in Germany until the 1950s. In France you can still play écarté in many clubs and casinos today .
The rules
cards
Écarté is like Skat with an on- call card , i.e. H. played with 32 sheets of French playing cards . Everyone receives five hands, the eleventh hand is opened openly and determines the trump suit ( atout ), the remaining hands are placed face down as a talon . The order of the cards is: king, queen, jack, ace (!), Ten, nine, eight, seven.
Lot
A game is over as soon as a player reaches five points (places, marks). A game consists of several games. Before the start of the game, each player draws a card. If you draw the higher card, you split the cards; the right to give changes after every single game.
One can agree that winning the lot
- triple counts if the loser couldn't mark a point,
- double counts if the loser could mark a point or two,
- simply counts when the loser has three or four points.
When playing in the Chouette (see below), however, this rule does not apply, the win of a game always only counts once.
Points for the atout king
If the dealer reveals a king as the 11th card, he immediately writes a point. If the dealer has already reached four points and serves a king as an atout, the game is over.
If a player has the atout king in hand and reports it before he leads his first hand, the player receives one point; that is, the dealer does not need to report the atout king until after forehand has led to the first trick; If Forehand wants to report the atout king, he must do so before the first lead.
A player is not required to report the atout king. If a player has already reached four points and has the atout king in his hand, he may report him immediately and thus end the game.
Points for stitches
If a player makes three or four tricks , he writes one point; a player takes every five tricks, i.e. H. the Vole , he writes two points.
Mapping
If the forehand thinks it is taking 3 tricks, it leads; if not, she says Je propose! “I propose!” The giver may then make this offer with Jouez! To reject "Play!" but does he have bad cards too ? he asks Combien? "How much?" Or he replies J'accepte! "I accept!" Then both throw away their bad hands and the dealer gives new ones from the talon. The putting away (mapping) can be continued until a part presses "play" or the talon is used up, whereby the opened atout card may not be used. If the talon is used up, forehand must start the game.
If you refuse the initial mapping, you have to take 3 tricks, otherwise the opponent creates an additional point.
- If the dealer makes at least three tricks, even though forehand did not propose, the dealer receives an additional point.
- If forehand makes at least three tricks even though the dealer has rejected his first proposition, forehand writes an additional point.
Note : In a single game a player can score a maximum of four points: one point for the atout king, one for the majority of the tricks, one for the game without proposition as dealer or with rejected proposition as forehand and one for the win every five stitches. Very often, however, the rule applies that a maximum of three points may be marked in a single game .
Color and stitch compulsion
There is compulsory color and stitch, i.e. H. if a player has led to a trick, the opponent must
- stab with a higher card of the same suit. If he can't, he has to
- to admit a lower card of the same suit. If that is not possible, he has to
- to triumph with a trump card, and if that cannot happen either,
- discard any other card.
A violation of this rule ( Renonce ) is punished as follows: If a player has made Renonce, all cards already played must be taken back into the hand. The player who made the mistake must put his hand face up and the game is played again. The player who made renonce may only mark a point if he has made all five tricks .
The player who won the trick leads to the next trick. It is customary for a player who leads to a trick to name the color (but not the value) of the card that was led. B. ♥ 7, he says "heart".
Mark the points
To mark the points, four (or five each) red and blue écarté marks in the form of checkers are used .
At the beginning of a game, each player places his markers on his right side; as soon as a player is allowed to mark a point, he takes one of his markers and places it on his left side. Since the game ends when the fifth point is achieved, four tokens are sufficient, so the fifth token is not absolutely necessary.
Jeux de règle
In Écarté, certain hands that are suitable for taking three tricks are known as jeux de règle (rule games). If the non-dealer has such a hand, he should play without buying. If the divider has such a sheet in hand, then he should reject the non-divider's purchase proposition. As a jeux de règle
a) three trumps in the hand
b) two trumps with
- three cards of the same suit
- two cards of the same suit, if one of them is a queen or a king,
- two cards of the same suit (at least a jack and ace) and a jack of a different suit
c) a trump card with
- four cards of the same suit, including the king
- three cards of the same suit (at least queen) and a king of another suit,
- two cards of the same suit and two kings
d) no trump, however
- two kings and two cards of the same suit (queen),
- four character cards, including two women.
Écarté-Chouette - the game for three or more people
Chouette , formerly also spelled Jouette , is a general term for a method by which a two-person game can be adapted for three or more players. This principle can be found u. a. also with backgammon , piquet and gin rummy . The following variants are common for the Écarté:
Game with banker
Before the start, a sequence is determined by drawing cards: the player with the highest card becomes the banker (declarer, chouetteur ), the player with the second highest card becomes Ponte (see Pointeur ), the other players follow in the order of their cards.
The banker now places his bet (the banco ) in the bank, the other players bet against it. If the opponents bet more than is in the bank, the banker can increase the bank amount, or players on the banker's side can bet, otherwise the bets apply according to the ranking of the players. If the opponents bet less than is contained in the bank, the banker may withdraw the excess amount (see Baccarat Chemin de fer ).
As in a two-player game, the Ponte now plays against the banker, whereby the other participants, as partners of the Ponte, are allowed to advise him during the game.
While in a two-player game, the giving changes after each individual game, while in a chouette with the banker, the banker shares it throughout the game; The Ponte is always in front.
After each game, the ranking of the players changes:
- If the Ponte wins, he becomes the new banker, the losing banker is placed at the bottom of the list, the highest-ranking advisor to the Ponte becomes Ponte in the next game; the other participants move up accordingly.
- If the banker wins, he may continue to hold the bank - but then he may not withdraw any capital from it - the losing Ponte is placed at the end of the list, the highest-ranking advisor to the Ponte becomes Ponte in the next game; the other participants move up accordingly.
- If the banker wants to withdraw his winnings after a game has been won, he must hand over the bank. The new order is then as follows: the highest-ranking player after the previous Ponte becomes the banker, the next player becomes the Ponte, the remaining players move up, the defeated Ponte moves to the penultimate position and the losing banker to the last.
Game without a banker
After determining the initial sequence (see above), the two participants with the highest cards meet in the first game, after each subsequent game the winner remains in his place, while the loser leaves his place to the next player on the waiting list and himself at the end of the list.
In the game without a banker, however, the two players who play the actual game against each other have equal rights. In particular, this means that sharing changes after every single game.
Likewise, players who are not actively participating in the game can bet on victory of one or the other player in this variant; The only requirement is that the sum of the stakes on each of the two players is the same. If the two so-called tableaux are not balanced, the stakes apply according to the ranking of the players on the waiting list.
Pool Écarté
Pool Écarté is another type of game for exactly three people. At the beginning each of the three players pays the agreed stake into a pool , then each draws a card. The two players with the high cards play a game - just like in a two-player game: the player with the highest card is the divisor in the first game, the player with the second highest card is forehand. The player who drew the lowest card sits out during the first game.
After each game there is a change: the winner stays on the cards, the loser sits out - according to the rules of the Turf and Portland Club , the loser must also deposit another bet into the pool - and the player who failed last enters. The last game winner and the new player to join draw cards to determine the divider and begin their game.
In this way, play continues until a player succeeds in winning two games in a row, that player wins the pool, and a new pool begins.
The regulations of the two clubs mentioned also specify the following variant: Before the start of the first game, only those two players who meet in the first game pay a stake in the pool. In the further course only the new player has to pay a stake in the pool; the loser pays nothing.
literature
- Peter Arnold, Editor: The Complete Book of Card Games , Chancellor Press, London 2002
- Claus D. Grupp: Games of chance with balls, dice and cards , Falken-Verlag, Wiesbaden 1976
- Matthias Mala : The big book of card games. Falken, Niedernhausen / Ts. 1997, ISBN 3-8068-7333-X .
- Meyers Konversationslexikon , Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig and Vienna, 4th edition, 1888–1890
- Albert H. Morehead, Richard L. Frey, Geoffrey Mott-Smith: The New Complete Hoyle Revised , Doubleday, New York 1991
- David Parlett : The Oxford Dictionary of Card Games , Oxford University Press Oxford, New York 1992/96
- David Parlett: The Oxford Guide to Card Games , Oxford University Press Oxford, New York 1990
- Alexander B. Szanto: Poker, Ekarté and Starpoker , Verlag Perlen-Reihe , Volume 651, Vienna 19 ??
- Manfred Zollinger: History of Gambling: From the 17th Century to the Second World War , Böhlau 1997, ISBN 3-205-98518-4
