Real herrings

Real herrings
	Atlantic herring ( Clupea harengus )
Systematics
Overcohort :	Clupeocephala
Cohort :	Otomorpha
Order :	Herring-like (Clupeiformes)
Subordination :	Clupeoidei
Family :	Herring (Clupeidae)
Genre :	Real herrings
Scientific name
	Clupea
	Linnaeus , 1758

True herring ( Clupea ) are a genus of the Herring family (Clupeidae).

They are fish that live in large schools . Their main diet is copepods , small crustaceans that live in plankton .

The body is elongated, the belly more rounded than that of the sprat . The scales on the stomach are not keeled. An adipose fin is missing. The herring is a maximum of 45 cm long, is scaled white and shines silver-green. The fresh fish is called green herring , to distinguish it from salt herring , which is preserved with salt or brine.

species

Atlantic herring ( Clupea harengus Linnaeus 1758), the economically most important species in the North Atlantic
Clupea manulensis Marion de Procé, 1822
Pacific herring ( Clupea pallasii Valenciennes 1847)

Anal communication

Both Pacific and Atlantic herrings push air out of their swim bladder through the anal tract and thus generate pulsating tones ( Fast Repetetive Tick, FRT ). FRTs last 0.6 to 7.6 seconds and generate sound waves in the 1.7 to 22 kHz range. Their exact function has not yet been researched. However, since they occur increasingly in dense swarms and at night, a social function is assumed.

Individual evidence

↑ Ben Wilson, Robert S. Batty, Lawrence M. Dill: Pacific and Atlantic herring produce burst pulse sounds . In: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences . tape 271 , Suppl 3, February 7, 2004, ISSN 0962-8452 , p. S95 – S97 , doi : 10.1098 / rsbl.2003.0107 , PMID 15101430 ( royalsocietypublishing.org [accessed September 19, 2018]).

Web links

Commons : Real Herring ( Clupea ) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Clupea on Fishbase.org (English)
Species portrait of WWF Germany (PDF)

[1] Ben Wilson, Robert S. Batty, Lawrence M. Dill: Pacific and Atlantic herring produce burst pulse sounds . In: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences . tape 271 , Suppl 3, February 7, 2004, ISSN 0962-8452 , p. S95 – S97 , doi : 10.1098 / rsbl.2003.0107 , PMID 15101430 ( royalsocietypublishing.org [accessed September 19, 2018]).