Real meadow oats

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Real meadow oats
Common meadow oats (Helictochloa pratensis)

Common meadow oats ( Helictochloa pratensis )

Systematics
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sweet grasses (Poaceae)
Subfamily : Pooideae
Genre : Meadow oats ( Helictotrichon )
Type : Real meadow oats
Scientific name
Helictochloa pratensis
( L. ) Romero Zarco

The real meadow oats ( Helictochloa pratensis (L.) Romero Zarco , Syn .: Helictotrichon pratense (L.) Besser ; Avena pratensis L. ) is a 20 cm to 80 cm tall sweet grass . In some German federal states it is on the red list because its stocks are declining due to the destruction of its habitats. It is rarer than the fluffy meadow oat and is poorly suited as fodder grass.

Identifying features

It differs from the downy meadow oat ( Avenula pubescens ) by the bare, maximally rough leaf sheaths, the ribbon-like flat awns, the bristly leaves, the 3-5-flowered spikelets and the clearly 3-nerved glume.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = mostly 126, but also 84–147.

Common meadow oats ( Helictochloa pratensis )

Occurrence

The real meadow oat inhabits dry and semi-arid grasslands, poor grasslands or even open forests. It prefers locations rich in bases and tolerates calcareous soil. However, it usually occurs on low-lime or decalcified, often heavy, stony or pure clay soils in warm summer climates. It thrives in the Viscario-Avenetum pratensis society from the Mesobromion erecti association, but also occurs in other societies of the Festuco-Brometea class or in those of the Violion caninae or Erico-Pinion associations.

In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in the Tyrolean part on the Heuberg near Häselgehr up to 1,800 meters above sea level.

ecology

It is a leanness indicator and a light to partial shade plant.

Systematics

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

  • Helictochloa pratensis subsp. gonzaloi (Sennen ex St.-Yves) Romero Zarco (Syn .: Avenula gonzaloi (Sennen) Holub ): It occurs in Spain.
  • Helictochloa pratensis subsp. hirtifolia (Podp.) Romero Zarco (Syn .: Avenochloa pratensis subsp. hirtifolia (Podp.) Holub ): It occurs from Austria to Slovakia.
  • Helictochloa pratensis subsp. iberica (St.-Yves) Romero Zarco (Syn .: Helictotrichon pratense subsp. ibericum (St.-Yves) Mateo & Figuerola ): It occurs in Spain and France.
  • Helictochloa pratensis subsp. pratensis : It occurs from Europe to Iran.
  • Helictochloa pratensis subsp. requienii (Mutel) H.Scholz (Syn .: Helictotrichon requienii (Mutel) Henrard ): It occurs in Spain and France.

literature

  • Werner Rothmaler : Excursion flora from Germany. Vascular Plants: Critical Volume. ISBN 3-8274-1496-2
  • E. Foerster: Sedges, rushes, cornices and other mock grasses of grassland - A key to determining in the flowerless state (Kleve-Kellen manuscript March 1982)
  • Hans Joachim Conert: Pareys Gräserbuch (Parey Buchverlag Berlin 2000), ISBN 3-8263-3327-6
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: Our grasses (Kosmos nature guide) (11th edition, 1998, Kosmos-Verlag) ISBN 3-440-07613-X

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 246.
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 170.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Helictochloa pratensis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 27, 2020.

Web links

Commons : Echter Miesenhafer ( Helictotrichon pratense )  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files