impression

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According to F. Kiener, an impression is the perceived overall picture of an object or a person - as the product of a completed perception process . After a process of perception, the individual has the impression of something that can be stored in the brain. According to Peter Köck and Hanns Ott, the impression describes the result of a holistic perception, the cognitive and emotional parts of which are partly innate selection mechanisms, partly through learning processes. Meyer's Kleines Lexikon Psychologie sees it similarly. According to Kiener, the actual genesis of the impression is dealt with in the theories of the understanding of expression; also in developmental psychology and in ethology (“innate triggering mechanism”).

  • In the Phonography it comes to the question about which sensory channels, the impression comes. The research is mainly concerned with visual and auditory perception .
  • Functional analysis and interpretation : This is about the question of how the impression comes about, how it is registered and interpreted. Research on social perception could be named here. The factors play a role:
(a) Selectivity (selection of stimuli by the perceiving individual): As a rule, this is a subjective process.
(b) The organizing act of perception ( gestalt law ).
(c) The accentuation in the perception process - and finally
(d) the fixation of the process (solidification).
  • Conditional analysis: The question in this context is, among other things, through which details of perception impressions come about.

Impression method (history)

As impression method called Wilhelm Wundt one of two polar and complementary experimental methods to analyze feelings. The impression method is about the fact that experimentally given stimuli , such as a color, a sound, a figure, evoke certain feelings, which can then be named by asking the test subjects. In the experiment z. B. a paired comparison can be used for differentiation. Wundt called the complementary method the expression method.

Phrase

A somewhat different meaning is the expression to make an impression : that means that you want to "make a name" or put yourself in the foreground. Supposedly great things are supposed to come about from an insignificant range of stimuli or services.

Wiktionary: impression  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ from: Wilhelm Karl Arnold , Hans Jürgen Eysenck , Richard Meili : Lexikon der Psychologie, 3 volumes, Herder Verlag, Freiburg Basel, Vienna, 1973, Volume 1, pp. 442–444.
  2. ↑ About observing human behavior: Norbert Kühne , Peter Wenzel: Praxisbuch Pedagogy: Observing, Planning, Educating, Stam Verlag, Cologne, 2000, pp. 7-14.
  3. ↑ not to be confused with the Austrian author of the same name
  4. ^ Dictionary for Education and Teaching, Auer Verlag, Donauwörth, 1997, p. 156.
  5. ↑ Mannheim, Vienna, Zurich, 1986, 87–88
  6. ^ Arnold, Eysenck, Meili, p. 444.
  7. ↑ after F. Kiener; S. o, pp. 441-443.
  8. ↑ Wilhelm Wundt (1902-1903): Fundamentals of Physiological Psychology. 5th edition. Volume 1-3. Engelmann, Leipzig
  9. ↑ Werner D. Fröhlich (2005) Dictionary of Psychology. German paperback publisher
  10. ↑ There is no scientific evidence