Storm hook (tool)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Storm hooks in heraldry

Storm ( Latin harpago incendiarius ; also "fire") or tear hooks attached to long (wooden) poles are versatile tools. It is still used today by the fire brigade for extinguishing work.

Tear hook

Tear hook (Southern Germany, 18th to 19th centuries)
Tear hook in the Swiss Fire Brigade Museum Basel-Stadt (on the gallery)
Fire fighting equipment with tear hooks ( Pammakaristos Church , Fethiye Museum, 2010)

"Tear hooks" are long straight bars with an iron point and a forged or welded barb . This z. B. burning parts of a building such as roofs or walls are torn down or the stability of building components is checked and embers are poked out. In some versions, several rods or ropes are attached to the main hook so that several people can act on the storm hook with force at the same time ("double" or "multiple tear hook"). In the case of two-part tear-off hooks used by the fire brigade, in particular, the hook can be pulled back using an attached rope so that the screw connection of the two rods is less stressed. In Germany, the tear hook is standardized in DIN 14851.

Tear hooks used to be part of the standard equipment in many houses, in some areas their stockpiling was fire protection regulations; In many half-timbered houses with “soft” ( thatched ) roofing, hooks of this type were and are kept next to fire buckets on the house.

Already in Roman cities, tear hooks were used to tear down houses in the dense inner-city development in order to create fire protection aisles . According to Renate Lafer, emergency services from the prefecture patrolled Roman cities with buckets and tear-hooks. According to another view, the tear hook was created from a functional point of view in imitation of the medieval halberd .

Storm hook

"Storm hooks" ( Latin falces ) designates auxiliary tools for attacking ("storm") a building or a fortification: they were used by attackers to tear down walls in order to enable penetration into fortifications . They were designed as large hooks with barbs and also attached to long wooden poles and were also used to set up " scaling ladders ".

additional

A smaller version is useful as an attachment on a pole or a broomstick when opening or closing skylights or transom windows ; also analogous impact or "rice hook" in the fruit-growing in use for beating, shaking and shaking of branches hung with crops in orchards and orchards - or nut - harvesting .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Johann Christoph Adelung : Grammatical-critical dictionary of the High German dialect . Vienna 1811
  2. ↑ The common (short) poker (“fire hook”, “fire bridge”, outdated also “attisoir”) was also used in the kitchen to take pots and kettles out of the open fire
  3. ↑ Georg Gottfried Strelin: Real dictionary for cameralists and economists . 1783–1793, in eight volumes, p. 561.
  4. ↑ Formerly also "Sturmhacken"
  5. ↑ STORM HOOK, w . In: Jacob Grimm , Wilhelm Grimm : German Dictionary . Hirzel, Leipzig 1854–1961 ( woerterbuchnetz.de , University of Trier). Volume 20, Col. 644-646
  6. ↑ At least the tips of the hooks were made of iron
  7. ↑ Georg Gottfried Strelin: Real dictionary for cameralists and economists . 1783–1793, in eight volumes, p. 561
  8. ↑ Storm hook. In: Johann Heinrich Zedler : Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts . Volume 40, Leipzig 1744, column 1433.