Iron phosphides

Iron phosphides are inorganic chemical compounds of iron with phosphorus . Several iron phosphides are known including Fe ₃ P, Fe ₂ P, FeP, FeP ₂ and FeP ₄ .

Extraction and presentation

Iron phosphides can be obtained by reacting a stoichiometric ratio of the purest iron with red phosphorus at temperatures between 600 and 1100 ° C.

${\displaystyle \mathrm {m\ Fe+n\ P\longrightarrow Fe_{m}P_{n}} }$

properties

Iron phosphides are gray to black, brittle solids. Fe ₃ P (CAS number: 12023-53-9) has a melting temperature of 1166 ° C, a density of 6.92 g cm ⁻³ and a tetragonal crystal structure , isotypic to that of Ni ₃ P with the space group I 4 (a = 910.7 pm, c = 446.0 pm). Fe ₂ P has a melting temperature of 1365 ° C, a density of 6.83 g cm ⁻³ and at room temperature has a hexagonal crystal structure with the space group P 6 2m (a = 586.5 pm, c = 343.6 pm). There is also an orthorhombic high temperature / pressure variant with the space group Pmna. FeP has an orthorhombic crystal structure with the space group Pnma (a = 519.1 pm, b = 309.9 pm, c = 579.2 pm. FeP ₂ has an orthorhombic crystal structure with the space group Pnnm (a = 498.5 pm, b = 568.8 pm, c = 273.1 pm) FeP ₄ has a monoclinic crystal structure with the space group P2 ₁ / c.

Iron phosphides
Surname	Triiron phosphide	Diiron phosphide	Monoiron phosphide	Iron diphosphide	Iron tetraphosphide
CAS number	12023-53-9	1310-43-6	26508-33-8	12022-85-4	68825-13-8
PubChem	159456	71311066	117803
Molecular formula	Fe 3 P	Fe 2 P	FeP	FeP 2	FeP 4
Molar mass	198.51 g mol −1	142.66 g mol −1	86.8 g mol −1	117.7 g mol −1	179.7 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
Brief description	gray to black solid
Melting point	1166 ° C (peritectum)	1365 ° C
boiling point
density	6.92 g cm −3	6.83 g cm −3	5.07 g cm −3	5.70 g cm −3	4.13 g cm −3
solubility	insoluble in water
GHS labeling	Caution
H and P phrases	315-319-335
	261-305 + 351 + 338

use

During the production of cast iron , a phosphide eutectic ( steadite ) with Fe ₂ P and Fe ₃ P as a structural component can improve the wear behavior of cast iron.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Georg Brauer: Handbook of preparative inorganic chemistry . 3., reworked. Edition. tape III . Enke, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-432-87823-0 , pp. 1649 .
2. ^ Tingting Gu, Xiang Wu, Shan Qin, Catherine McCammon, Leonid Dubrovinsky: Probing nonequivalent sites in iron phosphide Fe2P and its mechanism of phase transition. In: The European Physical Journal B. 86, 2013, S., doi : 10.1140 / epjb / e2013-40086-3 .
3. ^ W. .. Jeitschko, DJ Braun: Synthesis and crystal structure of the iron polyphosphide FeP4. In: Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry. 34, pp. 3196-3201, doi : 10.1107 / S056774087801047X .
4. ↑ ^{a b c d} Jean d'Ans, Ellen Lax, Roger Blachnik: Pocket book for chemists and physicists . Springer DE, 1998, ISBN 3-642-58842-5 , pp. 456 ff . ( limited preview in Google Book search).
5. ^ Dale L. Perry: Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, Second Edition . Taylor & Francis US, 2011, ISBN 1-4398-1462-7 , pp. 176 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
6. ↑ Data sheet Iron phosphide, Fe ₃ P, 99.5% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on August 11, 2013 ( PDF ).
7. ↑ Data sheet Iron phosphide, Fe ₂ P, 99.5% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on August 11, 2013 ( PDF ).
8. ^ Ernst Brunhuber, Stephan Hasse: Giesserei-Lexikon . Fachverlag Schiele & Schoen, 2001, ISBN 3-7949-0655-1 , p. 956 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).