Emma Asson

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Emma Asson (around 1920)

Emma Asson (since 1921 Emma Peterson , Russian Эмма Рейнгольдовна Ассон ; born July 1, jul. / 13. July  1889 greg. 13. July 1889 in Vaabina , Russian Empire ; † 1. January 1965 in Tallinn , Soviet Union ) was an Estonian teacher , Politician and textbook author .

Life

Emma Asson was born in the south of the country in 1889. She studied history from 1904 to 1910 at the Bestužev College for Women in Saint Petersburg . After the state examination in 1910 she became a teacher in Tartu . From 1919 to 1921 Asson worked at the Ministry of Education . In 1921 Asson married the engineer and politician Ferdinand Peterson (1887–1979), both of whom called themselves Petersen from 1938. In 1918 he had been Minister of Transport in the country's first Provisional Government . The marriage ended in divorce in 1941.

From 1926 to 1935 Emma Asson-Peterson was a teacher at what is now Miina Härma Gymnasium in Tallinn . She taught the Estonian language to “the second generation” of girls . Before that, the education system had a German character. Asson-Peterson wrote 16 history and textbooks , some of which were reprinted several times from 1917 to 1938.

Their son Ivar-Heldur Petersen was born in 1929. He became a well-known Estonian mathematician († 2007).

politics

Estonia declared its independence from Tsarist Russia on February 24, 1918 . Emma Asson belonged to the social democratic Eesti Sotsiaaldemokraatlik Tööliste party (ESTP). In April 1919 she was elected to the Constituent Assembly (Asutav Kogu) of the young Republic of Estonia . It was the system of proportional representation , men and women who are residents of Estonia were eligible to vote. The elections were free, equal, secret and immediate. In the congregation, Asson was one of seven women out of 113 men. With Minni Kurs-Olesk she was involved in drafting the Estonian constitution . On June 15, 1920, the text of the constitution was approved by the assembly. This came into force on December 21, 1920.

The first Estonian parliamentary election took place on November 27-29, 1920. Both men and women who were at least 20 years of age had the right to stand as candidates. The first Riigikogu (Reichstag) met from January 4, 1921 to March 9, 1923. Asson was one of three women out of 100 MPs.

Web links

Commons : Emma Asson  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
  • K. Siilivask: PETERSEN, Emma . In: Eesti teaduse biograafiline leksikon (ETBL); Part III: N-Sap . 2013. (PDF, Estonian)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ V. Mägi: PETERSEN, Ferdinand . In: Eesti teaduse biograafiline leksikon (ETBL); Part III: N-Sap . 2013. (PDF, Estonian)
  2. ↑ PETERSEN, Ivar-Heldur . In: Eesti teaduse biograafiline leksikon (ETBL); Part III: N-Sap . 2013. (PDF, Estonian)
  3. ↑ Hellen Bin, Anneli Albi: Suffrage and the Nation. Women's vote in Estonia. In: The Struggle for Female Suffrage in Europe. Voting to Become Citizens. Brill, 2012. ISBN 978-90-04-22991-4 . P. 120.
  4. ↑ Hellen Bin, Anneli Albi: Suffrage and the Nation. Women's vote in Estonia. In: The Struggle for Female Suffrage in Europe. Voting to Become Citizens. Brill, 2012. ISBN 978-90-04-22991-4 . P. 121.
personal data
SURNAME Asson, Emma
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Peterson, Emma; Petersen, Emma (married name); Ассон, Эмма Рейнгольдовна (Russian name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Estonian educator and politician
DATE OF BIRTH July 13, 1889
PLACE OF BIRTH Vaabina , Russian Empire
DATE OF DEATH January 1, 1965
Place of death Tallinn , Soviet Union