Twisted fruity bell-hat moss
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Upside down bell-cap moss ( Encalypta streptocarpa ) |
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| Encalypta streptocarpa | ||||||||||||
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The twisted bell- hat moss ( Encalypta streptocarpa ), also called twisted bell-hat , is a deciduous moss in the Encalyptaceae family . A synonym of this species is Encalypta contorta Hoppe ex Lindb.
description
The moss grows in cushion-shaped, yellowish-green to brownish-green lawns. The strong, up to 4 centimeters large plants are covered with brown root felt at the base, and in the axils of the upper leaves there are usually numerous thread-like and branched brood bodies . The leaves, which protrude upright when wet, are tongue-shaped to spatula-shaped and somewhat wavy, are capped or bluntly rounded at the tip. When dry, the leaves are strongly curved and twisted. The strong leaf vein ends in the leaf tip or just before it. In the upper part of the leaf, leaf cells are dense, rounded and 12 to 15 µm in size on both sides, hyaline, smooth, elongated rectangular at the base of the leaf, and linear on the lower leaf edges.
Sporophytes are more frequently formed in the mountains, otherwise only rarely. The spore capsule is carried by the 1 to 2 centimeter long, red seta and is completely enveloped by the approximately 1 centimeter long, narrow, cylindrical-bell-shaped kalyptra . The kalyptra extends far beyond the point of attachment of the spore capsule and is irregularly lobed at the base. The spore capsule is clearly right-handed spirally striped to furrowed. The peristome is double and 16 teeth . Spores are greenish, almost smooth, more or less rounded and 9 to 16 µm in size.
Distribution and locations
The twisted bell-cap moss is widespread throughout Europe and North Africa. It is common in the limestone mountains, otherwise less common. It grows mainly in shady, but also light-rich, but fresh to moist locations on calcareous or base-rich subsoil in mountain forests: on rock, earth, on slopes and walls. Frequent accompanying mosses are Ctenidium molluscum , Fissidens dubius , Plagiomnium rostratum and Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostre .
literature
- Jan-Peter Frahm , Wolfgang Frey : Moosflora (= UTB . 1250). 4th, revised and expanded edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8252-1250-5 .
- Ruprecht Düll , Barbara Düll-Wunder: Determine mosses easily and reliably. An illustrated excursion guide to the types of Germany and neighboring countries. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2008, ISBN 978-3-494-01427-2 .
- Martin Nebel, Georg Philippi (ed.): The mosses of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 1: General part, special part (Bryophytina I, Andreaeales to Funariales). Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3527-2 .
