Verona earthquake 1117

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The earthquake in Verona 1117 struck northern Italy on the evening of January 3, 1117. The epicenter of the earthquake was probably north of Verona , from where the greatest destruction was reported. The intensity of the earthquake assumed on the basis of the damage is classified differently; values ​​from level VII through IX to XI of the Mercalli scale are given. The magnitude is estimated at M W 7.0.

Effects

The outer wall of the Verona Arena collapsed in part, the remaining part was further destroyed in an earthquake in 1183. Many churches, monasteries and monuments were destroyed or badly damaged, so that a large part of Verona's early medieval architecture disappeared. The destruction created the space for a comprehensive Romanesque reconstruction.

Outside Verona, according to contemporary reports, an area from Cividale to Pavia , south to Pisa and north to Switzerland was affected. Above all, Milan , Bergamo , Brescia , Venice , Treviso , Modena , Parma , Fénis and Cremona are mentioned . According to other sources, news of the earthquake came from an area between Montecassino and Reims , other sources name Liège and Bohemia as endpoints. The event is listed in the national earthquake catalogs of at least five countries (Italy, France, Belgium, Switzerland and Spain). In Germany, damage to the Michaelskirche in Bamberg , the Brauweiler Abbey and buildings in Konstanz and Meersburg were also attributed to this earthquake. The earthquake could possibly also have played a role in the decline of the later abandoned town of Sülchen .

The connection of all damage reports attributed to this year to the Italian earthquake of January 3rd is now questioned. According to the results of a comparative study of the sources, mostly from monastery annals , the earthquake on January 3rd was at least three different events: the first earthquake (intensity VII – VIII MCS , M W 6.4) occurred in southern Germany and took place took place about twelve hours before the Verona earthquake. A third event (intensity VII-VIII MCS) is said to have taken place in northwestern Tuscany . Other damage attributed to the Verona earthquake is unlikely to be related to it, but rather was caused by local events.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Istituto Conservazione e Valorizzazione Beni Culturali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche : Danni sismici in località elencate nella Banca Ipermediale delle Vetrate Italiane (BIVI) Lombardia. Archived from the original on February 18, 2012 ; Retrieved January 6, 2011 .
  2. ↑ a b c Emanuela Guidoboni, Alberto Comastri, Enzo Boschi: The “exceptional” earthquake of 3 January 1117 in the Verona area (northern Italy): A critical time review and detection of two lost earthquakes (lower Germany and Tuscany) . In: Journal of Geophysical Research . vol. 110, B12309, 2005, doi : 10.1029 / 2005JB003683 .
  3. ^ National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), NOAA : Comments for the Significant Earthquake: Italy, N. Retrieved January 6, 2011 .
  4. ^ A b Thomas Glade, Malcolm Anderson, Michael J. Crozier: Landslide Hazard and Risk . John Wiley and Sons, 2005, ISBN 0-471-48663-9 , pp. 261 ( page 261 in Google Book search).
  5. ^ G. Solinas: Storia di Verona . Centro Rinascita, Verona 1981, p. 244 .
  6. ^ Istituto Tecnico Industriale Statale Guglielmo Marconi, Verona: Ricerca Storico-Scientifica Sulla Sismicita 'Nel Veronese: La Sismicita. Retrieved January 6, 2011 .
  7. ↑ a b c Paolo Galli, Fabrizio Galadini, Lynn Passi Pitcher: The earthquakes of January 1117 in northern Italy. Hypothesis for an epicenter in the southern Po Plain. (No longer available online.) 2004, archived from the original on November 17, 2011 ; Retrieved January 6, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / atlas-conferences.com
  8. ^ Karl Ernst Adolf von Hoff: Chronicle of the earthquakes and volcanic eruptions . Gotha 1840, p. 213 ( page 213 in Google Book search).

literature

  • Galadini, F., P. Galli, D. Molin, G. Ciurletti: Searching for the source of the 1117 earthquake in northern Italy: A multidisciplinary approach . In: T. Glade, P. Albini, F. Frances (Eds.): The Use of Historical Data in Natural Hazard Assessments . vol. 17, 2001, p. 3-27 .

Coordinates: 45 ° 30 '  N , 11 ° 0'  E