Ervin Bauer

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Ervin Bauer and Margit Kaffka

Ervin Bauer (also Erwin Bauer, Russified Erwin Simonowitsch Bauer, born October 19, 1890 in Lőcse , Austria-Hungary ; died January 11, 1938 in Leningrad , Soviet Union ) was a Hungarian biologist.

Life

Ervin Bauer was a son of the high school teacher Simon Bauer and Eugénia Lévy, the writer Béla Balázs (1884-1949) and the writer Hilda Bauer (1887-1965) were his siblings. He studied medicine in Budapest and Göttingen and was drafted to Temesvár as a military doctor in 1914 . In 1914 he married the poet Margit Kaffka , who died of the Spanish flu with her child in 1918 . In 1919 he was married to the mathematician Stefánia Szilárd, with whom he had two sons.

In 1918 he supported the Hungarian Republic and in 1919 joined the Communist Party of KMP in the Hungarian Soviet Republic . After the suppression of the Soviet Republic, he fled to Vienna and worked there, in Göttingen, then for a longer period in Prague and in 1924 in cancer research in Berlin. In 1925 they both moved to Moscow in the Soviet Union, and from 1933 they lived in Leningrad.

In 1920 he published a work on theoretical biology in which he described the thermodynamic properties of living systems as the permanent imbalance of living things; it appeared in Wilhelm Roux's lectures and essays on the development mechanics of organisms . In the Russian edition of 1935, it initially had a great impact in the Soviet Union. In Leningrad, Bauer became head of the Biology Department at the All Union Institute for Experimental Medicine. He was commissioned to write the article Life in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia and published a textbook on biology for the Soviet colleges of education.

Bauer and his wife Stefánia were arrested by the NKVD as enemies of the people on August 4, 1937 and shot on January 11, 1938; Bauer's writings were banned. The children were separated from the NKVD and placed in orphanages. Although the Bauer couple were rehabilitated as politically innocent in 1954, their shooting in 1938 was not admitted until 1992.

Fonts (selection)

The basic principles of purely scientific biology and their applications in physiology and pathology (1920)
  • The basic principles of purely scientific biology and their applications in physiology and pathology . Berlin: Julius Springer, 1920
  • Бауэр Э С: Физические основы в биологии . Изд. Мособлздравотдел, 1930
  • Бауэр Э С: Теоретическая биология . Изд. ВИЭМ, 1935
  • Elméleti biológia (Tyeoretyicseszkaja biologija) ; oroszból ford. Müller Miklós, szerk., Bev., Jegyz. Ákos Károly; függelék: A természettudományos biológia alapelvei és ezek alkalmazása a fiziológiában és a patológiában (The basic principles of purely scientific biology) ; Budapest: Akadémiai, Bp., 1967
  • ES Bauer: Theoretical Biology . Reprint of the 1935 Edition with a Preface, a Biographical and Critical Essay. Budapest: Akadémiai, 1982
  • Yurii Pavlovich Golikov (ed.): Tyeoretyicseszkaja biologija (Russian). Saint-Petersburg, 2002

literature

  • Boris Petrovich Tokin: Az elméleti biológia és farmer Ervin magyar és szovjel biológus munkássága . Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Biológiai Osztáfyának Közleményei. 6 (3-4), 1963, pp. 18-35.
  • M. Dittrich: BP Tokin, Theoretical Biology and the Work of ES Bauer. In: NTM - Journal for the History of Natural Sciences, Technology and Medicine , 9/1967
  • Sabine Brauckmann: The Organism and the Open System: Ervin Bauer and Ludwig von Bertalanffy . Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences . 901 (1), 2000, pp. 291-300. DOI: 10.1111 / j.1749-6632.2000.tb06288.x . ISSN  1749-6632 .
  • Miklós Müller: Ervin Bauer (1890–1938), a martyr of science. In: The Hungarian Quarterly 178, 2005, pp. 123-131 PDF
  • G. Elek, M. Miller: The living matter according to Ervin Bauer (1890-1938), (on the 75th anniversary of his tragic death). In: Acta Physiologica Hungarica. 100, 2013, pp. 124-132 DOI: 0.1556 / APhysiol.99.2012.006.
  • Mikhail Bauer: Vospominaniia Obyknovennogo Cheloveka . ASSPIN, Petergof, 2003 (Son's memories, Russian)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Due to the deliberately false information provided by the Soviet authorities, the date of death at DNB and WorldCat in 2019 is still given as 1942.
personal data
SURNAME Bauer, Ervin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Bauer, Ervin Simonovich; Bauer, Erwin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian biologist
DATE OF BIRTH October 19, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH Lőcse
DATE OF DEATH January 11, 1938
Place of death Leningrad